ArticleBreast (Edinburgh, Scotland)2022
BRCA1/2 testing for genetic susceptibility to cancer after 25 years: A scoping review and a primer on ethical implications.
Article in Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Personalized Decision-Making in Risk-Reducing Surgery of the Ovaries.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Patient satisfaction after breast reconstruction in a high-risk breast cancer population.JPRAS open · 2026Article
- Multidisciplinary discussion on phenotypical characterization of metastatic breast cancer and patient pathway optimization from an expert panel across South Italian regions.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Population-based germline testing ofGenetics in medicine open · 2024Article
- Breast Cancer Germline Genetic Counseling and Testing for Populations of African Heritage Globally: A Scoping Review on Research, Practice, and Bioethical Considerations.JCO global oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMutations in the genes called BRCA1 and BRCA2 are associated with significantly elevated lifetime risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. This year marks 25 years since genetic tests for BRCA1/2 mutations became available to the public. Currently, comprehensive guidelines exist regarding BRCA1/2 testing and preventive measures in mutation carriers. As such, BRCA1/2 testing represents a precedent not only in genetic testing and management of genetic cancer risk, but also in bioethics. The goal of the current research was to offer a review and an ethical primer of the main ethical challenges related to BRCA testing.
methodA systematic scoping review was undertaken following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Four databases were searched and 18 articles that met the inclusion criteria were synthetized narratively into a conceptual map.
resultsEthical discussions revolved around the BRCA1/2 gene discovery, how tests are distributed for clinical use, the choice to undergo testing, unresolved issues in receiving and disclosing test results, reproductive decision-making, and culture-specific ethics. Several unique properties of the latest developments in testing circumstances (e.g., incorporation of BRCA1/2 testing in multi-gene or whole genome sequence panels and tests sold directly to consumers) significantly raised the complexity of ethical debates.
conclusionsMultidisciplinary ethical discussion is necessary to guide not only individual decision making but also societal practices and medical guidelines in light of the new technologies available and the latest results regarding psychological, social, and health outcomes in cancer previvors and survivors affected by BRCA mutations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.