Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34919437›Full record

ArticleScience advances2021

Precision communication: Physicians' linguistic adaptation to patients' health literacy.

Dean Schillinger, Nicholas D Duran, Danielle S McNamara, Scott A Crossley, Renu Balyan, Andrew J Karter

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Patient and Physician Perspectives on Using Risk Prediction to Support Breast Cancer Surveillance Decision Making.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Prudent Physician Anger in Patient-Physician Interactions.Health care analysis : HCA : journal of health philosophy and policy · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Dean SchillingerUCSF Division of General Internal Medicine and Heath Communications Research Program at the Center for Vulnerable Populations, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7221-7327
Nicholas D DuranSchool of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, AZ, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8872-5617
Danielle S McNamaraDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
Scott A CrossleyDepartment of Applied Linguistics/ESL, College of Arts and Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5148-0273
Renu BalyanDepartment of Mathematics, Computer and Information Science, State University of New York, Old Westbury, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1393-2416
Andrew J KarterDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5527-316X

Funding

Translational Research Core - Health Engagement & Action Translational (HEAT)P30DK092924 · NIDDK · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI Alyce Sophia Adams, HILARY Kessler SELIGMAN · 2011 to 2026
$9.2M
Ethnic Disparities in Diabetes ComplicationsR01DK065664 · NIDDK · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI KARTER, ANDREW JOHN · 2004 to 2008
$3.3M
The Next Frontier in Diabetes Communication: Promoting Health Literacy in the Era of Secure MessagingR01LM012355 · NLM · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KARTER, ANDREW JOHN, SCHILLINGER, DEAN · 2015 to 2018
$2.8M
NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK092924NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK065664NLM NIH HHS R01 LM012355
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Little quantitative research has explored which clinician skills and behaviors facilitate communication. Mutual understanding is especially challenging when patients have limited health literacy (HL). Two strategies hypothesized to improve communication include matching the complexity of language to patients’ HL (“universal tailoring”); or always using simple language (“universal precautions”). Through computational linguistic analysis of 237,126 email exchanges between dyads of 1094 physicians and 4331 English-speaking patients, we assessed matching (concordance/discordance) between physicians’ linguistic complexity and patients’ HL, and classified physicians’ communication strategies. Among low HL patients, discordance was associated with poor understanding (

Identifiers

PMID34919437
PMCPMC8682984

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.