ArticleBiological trace element research2022
What Iodine Intervention Measures Should Be Taken in Different Water Iodine Areas? Evidence from a Cross-sectional Chinese Survey.
Article in Biological trace element research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Taxifolin and Astilbin Protect Against Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Chicken Liver Cells via Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Assessment of the association of high-iodine exposure in drinking water, iodine intake, and thyroid function in 3-14-year-old children.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prolonged Exposure to Elevated Iodine Levels in Drinking Water Is Associated With the Occurrence of Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders in Adults: Findings From a Case-Control Study Conducted in Shandong Province, China.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2025Article
- Iodine nutritional status and its associations with thyroid function of pregnant women and neonatal TSH.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Selenium Protects Follicular Granulosa Cells from Apoptosis Induced by Mercury Through Inhibition of ATF6/CHOP Pathway in Laying Hens.Biological trace element research · 2023Article
- Effects of Sodium Chromate Exposure on Gene Expression Profiles of Primary Rat Hepatocytes (In Vitro).Biological trace element research · 2023Article
- Application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of Graves' disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Nano-selenium and Macleaya cordata Extracts Improved Immune Function and Reduced Oxidative Damage of Sows and IUGR Piglets After Heat Stress of Sows in Late Gestation.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Effect of Foliage Dressing in Nano-Potassium Molybdate on Daily Gain and Antioxidant Function in Grazing the Chinese Merino Sheep.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Nano-selenium and Macleaya cordata Extracts Improved Immune Function and Reduced Oxidative Damage of Sows and IUGR Piglets After Heat Stress of Sows in Late Gestation.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Nano-selenium and Macleaya cordata Extracts Improved Immune Function and Reduced Oxidative Damage of Sows and IUGR Piglets After Heat Stress of Sows in Late Gestation.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Nano-selenium and Macleaya cordata Extracts Improved Immune Function and Reduced Oxidative Damage of Sows and IUGR Piglets After Heat Stress of Sows in Late Gestation.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Nano-selenium and Macleaya cordata Extracts Improved Immune Function and Reduced Oxidative Damage of Sows and IUGR Piglets After Heat Stress of Sows in Late Gestation.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Effects of the Seleno-Chitosan on Daily Gain, Wool Yield, and Blood Parameter in the Chinese Merino Sheep.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Nano-Selenium and Macleaya cordata Extracts Improved Immune Functions of Intrauterine Growth Retardation Piglets under Maternal Oxidation Stress.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Nano-Selenium and Macleaya cordata Extracts Improved Immune Functions of Intrauterine Growth Retardation Piglets under Maternal Oxidation Stress.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Nano-Selenium and Macleaya cordata Extracts Improved Immune Functions of Intrauterine Growth Retardation Piglets under Maternal Oxidation Stress.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Effects of Nano-copper Oxide on Antioxidant Function of Copper-Deficient Kazakh Sheep.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Effects of Nano-copper Oxide on Antioxidant Function of Copper-Deficient Kazakh Sheep.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the population's iodine nutrition and thyroid diseases in different water iodine areas and to offer suggestions to the governments of different countries to adjust the present policy in different water iodine areas. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in different water iodine areas in China. Urinary iodine, water iodine, salt iodine and thyroid function were determined. The thyroid volumes and nodules were measured by ultrasound. Upon categorization by water iodine level for the 10.0 ~ 39.9 μg/L, 40.0 ~ 100.0 μg/L and 100.1 ~ 150.0 μg/L areas, in adults, the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was 9.28%, 5.35% and 11.07%, and the median urinary iodine (MUI) was 153.7 μg/L, 189.8 μg/L and 317.0 μg/L; in children of the three areas, the prevalence of goitre was 3.83%, 4.47% and 16.02%, and the MUI was 164.1 μg/L, 221.0 μg/L and 323.3 μg/L; in pregnant women of those areas, the MUI was 148.6 μg/L, 176.9 μg/L and 324.9 μg/L. Logistic regression results indicated that low iodine intake was a risk factor for developing hypothyroxinaemia in pregnant women. The iodine status of pregnant women is insufficient in areas with a median water iodine level of 10.0 ~ 39.9 μg/L. Low iodine intake increases the risk of developing hypothyroxinaemia in pregnant women. The iodine status of adults and children is excessive, and the iodine status of pregnant women is above the requirements in areas with a median water iodine concentration of 100.1 ~ 150.0 μg/L. Iodized salt, especially for pregnant women, should be supplied in areas with a median water iodine concentration of 10.0 ~ 39.9 μg/L to improve the iodine status of pregnant women. Supplying non-iodized salt is not enough to protect local residents from the harm from excess iodine in areas with a median water iodine concentration above 100.0 μg/L.
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