Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34918245›Full record

ReviewMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2022

Developments in Vaccine Adjuvants.

Farrhana Ziana Firdaus, Mariusz Skwarczynski, Istvan Toth

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. A review of vaccinology andHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Vaccination with aMicroorganisms · 2025
    Article
  10. Virosomes: Beyond Vaccines.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  11. Marine drugs · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Progress in African Swine Fever Vector Vaccine Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Adjuvants forVirulence · 2024
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Farrhana Ziana FirdausSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
Mariusz SkwarczynskiSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
Istvan TothSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia. i.toth@uq.edu.au.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vaccines, including subunit, recombinant, and conjugate vaccines, require the use of an immunostimulator/adjuvant for maximum efficacy. Adjuvants not only enhance the strength and longevity of immune responses but may also influence the type of response. In this chapter, we review the adjuvants that are available for use in human vaccines, such as alum, MF59, AS03, and AS01. We extensively discuss their composition, characteristics, mechanism of action, and effects on the immune system. Additionally, we summarize recent trends in adjuvant discovery, providing a brief overview of saponins, TLRs agonists, polysaccharides, nanoparticles, cytokines, and mucosal adjuvants.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, VaccineVaccinesAdjuvants, ImmunologicHumansVaccinationAdjuvants, ImmunologicAdjuvants, VaccineVaccinesAdjuvantsDelivery systemsImmune stimulatorsInnate and adaptive immunityNanoparticlesSubunit vaccinesVaccination

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.