Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34918211›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of behavioral medicine2022

Characterizing the COVID-19 Illness Experience to Inform the Study of Post-acute Sequelae and Recovery.

Edda I Santiago-Rodriguez, Andres Maiorana, Michael J Peluso, Rebecca Hoh, Viva Tai, Emily A Fehrman, Yanel Hernandez, Leonel Torres, Matthew A Spinelli, Monica Gandhi and 5 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of behavioral medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Patient and Professional Perspectives on Long COVID: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Synthesis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Psychosocial Aspects of the Lived Experience of Long COVID: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis of Qualitative Studies.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
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  12. The Illness Experience of Long COVID Patients: A Qualitative Study Based on the Online Q&A Community Zhihu.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Edda I Santiago-RodriguezCenter for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Andres MaioranaCenter for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Michael J PelusoDivision of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Rebecca HohDivision of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Viva TaiDivision of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Emily A FehrmanDivision of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Yanel HernandezDivision of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Leonel TorresDivision of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Matthew A SpinelliDivision of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Monica GandhiDivision of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
J Daniel KellyDivision of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jeffrey N MartinDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Timothy J HenrichDivision of Experimental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Steven G DeeksDivision of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
John A SaucedaCenter for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA. john.sauceda@ucsf.edu.
University of California, San Francisco · USSan Francisco AIDS Foundation · US

Funding

Ujima Mentoring ProgramP30MH062246 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MALLORY O JOHNSON · 2001 to 2026
$57.4M
TRAINEESHIPS IN AIDS PREVENTION STUDIEST32MH019105 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Carol Suzanne Camlin, Glenn-Milo Santos · 1989 to 2026
$15.3M
Training in HIV Translational ResearchT32AI060530 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Diane V Havlir · 2005 to 2026
$6.4M
Evaluation of the Interplay between HIV and COVID-19 in a large urban safety-net HIV clinicR01AI158013 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GANDHI, MONICA, SPINELLI, MATTHEW A. · 2020 to 2023
$3.1M
Characterizing the virologic and immunologic signatures of HIV exceptional controlK23AI157875 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI PELUSO, MICHAEL JOSEPH · 2021 to 2025
$927k
Understanding the epidemiology and natural history of unrecognized Ebola virus infectionK23AI146268 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KELLY, JOHN DANIEL · 2019 to 2022
$748k
NIAID NIH HHS K23 AI146268NIAID NIH HHS K23 AI157875NIAID NIH HHS L30 AI126521NIAID NIH HHS L30 AI147159NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI158013NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI060530NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH062246NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH019105
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is an urgent need to fully understand the impact of variable COVID-19 experiences and the optimal management of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We characterized the variability in the acute illness experience and ongoing recovery process from participants in a COVID-19 recovery cohort study in Northern California in 2020.

methodWe completed 24 semi-structured in-depth interviews with adults with confirmed positive SARV-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification test result, had recovered or were recovering from acute infection, and underwent serial evaluations. We purposefully sampled English- and Spanish-speaking adults with asymptomatic, mild, and severe symptomatic infection, including those who were hospitalized and those with HIV co-infection. We used a thematic analysis to analyze interviews and identify salient themes.

resultsAfter integrating the thematic analysis with clinical data, we identified key themes: (1) across symptom profiles and severity, experiencing COVID-19 was associated with psychological distress; (2) symptomatic infection carried uncertainty in symptom presentation and ongoing recovery (e.g., long COVID); and (3) health information-seeking behavior was facilitated by access to medical care and uncertainty with the recovery process.

conclusionOur data informs the emerging field of "long COVID" research and shows a need to provide information and continuous support to persons with post-acute sequelae to ensure they feel secure along the path to recovery.

Indexed as

COVID-19AdultCohort StudiesHumansPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeSARS-CoV-2CoronavirusCOVID-19Long COVIDMental healthPost-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC)Recovering from COVID-19SARS-Cov-2

Identifiers

PMID34918211
PMCPMC8675303
OpenAlexW4200520928

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.