Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34916836›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of general medicine2021

Characteristics of Oral Manifestations in Symptomatic Non-Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study on a Sample of the Saudi Population.

Zuhair S Natto, Marwah Afeef, Dalia Khalil, Dina Kutubaldin, Maryam Dehaithem, Ali Alzahrani, Heba Ashi

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of general medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Characteristics of Oral Adverse Effects following COVID-19 Vaccination and Similarities with Oral Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients: Taste and Saliva Secretory Disorders.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Assessing knowledge of herbal medicine course for dental students.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2022
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Comparative analysis of oral manifestations of Covid 19.Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Zuhair S NattoDepartment of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-2723-0255
Marwah AfeefStudy & Research Department, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Dalia KhalilTransformation & Planning Department, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Dina KutubaldinSpecialized Dental Center, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Maryam DehaithemSpecialized Dental Center, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Ali AlzahraniSpecialized Dental Center, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Heba AshiDepartment of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
King Fahad Hospital Jeddah · SAKing Abdulaziz University · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeFew case reports and letters to the editor have been published regarding oral signs and symptoms in COVID-19 patients. The aim of the study therefore is to investigate different types of oral manifestations in COVID-19 patients as well as their prevalence. PATIENTS AND

methodsThe study is a cross-sectional study from a single medical center. A convenience sample was taken from all patients who were COVID-19 confirmed, symptomatic, and non-hospitalized. Demographic information, medical and travel history, general symptoms, and clinical examination results of the oral cavity were collected.

resultsThis study included a total of 109 patients. Loss of taste was the most common oral manifestation of COVID-19 (43.4%), followed by erythema/desquamated gingivitis and coated tongue (7.3% each) and ulcers/blisters (6.4%). Loss of taste was the only symptom persisting for 10 days. Oral manifestations appeared as a single symptom (79.3%), and dorsum of tongue was the most common oral location (72.4%).

conclusionLoss of taste was the most prevalent specific reported oral manifestation. Other nonspecific oral lesions/symptoms are controversial. It has been suggested that oral examinations of COVID-19 patients should be conducted as part of routine examinations to investigate any possible correlation between the disease and the oral cavity.

Indexed as

COVID-19loss of tasteoral cavityprevalencesymptoms

Identifiers

PMID34916836
PMCPMC8670857
OpenAlexW4200295362

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.