ArticleNeuropsychiatric disease and treatment2021
Relationships Among Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Schizophrenia.
Article in Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Neuroretinal Alterations in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: An Updated Meta-analysis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Pooled it
- Retina as a potential biomarker in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of optical coherence tomography and electroretinography.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) increases serum hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1 alpha (HIF- 1α) in depressed patients.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Retinal biomarkers in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: evidence and implications for the neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative models.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Molecular physiology unlocks the mystery that relates cognitive impairment with the retina in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders: a perspective review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Optical Coherence Tomography in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2024Article
- Clinical and biological correlates of optical coherence tomography findings in schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Article
- The risk factors associated with traumatic subdural effusion for patients with traumatic brain injury who did not undergo decompressive craniectomy.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2023Article
- Vascular-related biomarkers in psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStudies have suggested retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) involvement in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Additionally, research has shown that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) potentially contributes to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate VEGF, RNFL, and correlations with cognitive impairments in schizophrenia patients.
methodsPatients with schizophrenia (n = 138) were compared to healthy controls (n = 160). RNFLs were measured with optical coherence tomography (OCT). The Stroop color and word test (SCWT) was used to evaluate neurocognition. Blood samples were collected to measure VEGF. SPSS 20.0 was used to perform analysis of covariance, t-tests, partial correlation analysis, and linear regression.
resultsThinner RNFLs were found in schizophrenia patients (
conclusionThese findings suggest that patients with schizophrenia have degeneration with RNFL thickness following illness duration, which may contribute to neurocognitive impairments observed in schizophrenia. VEGF is speculated to play some important role on RNFL degeneration with schizophrenia patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.