Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34916543›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Smoking cessation reduces systemic inflammation and circulating endothelin-1.

Cassandra C Derella, Martha S Tingen, Anson Blanks, Samantha J Sojourner, Matthew A Tucker, Jeffrey Thomas, Ryan A Harris

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Cassandra C DerellaDepartment of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Martha S TingenDepartment of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. mtingen@augusta.edu.
Anson BlanksDepartment of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Samantha J SojournerDepartment of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Matthew A TuckerDepartment of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Jeffrey ThomasDepartment of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Ryan A HarrisDepartment of Medicine, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Augusta University · USPrevention Institute · USNational Cancer Center of Georgia · GE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Smoking increases systemic inflammation and circulating endothelin-1 (ET-1), both of which contribute to an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study sought to test the hypothesis that a 12-week smoking cessation intervention would contribute to a long-term reduction in circulating ET-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). 30 individuals participated in a 12-week evidence-based smoking cessation program at Augusta University. Serum cotinine, plasma inflammatory cytokines, and plasma ET-1 were determined at baseline, immediately after the 12-week cessation program (end of treatment, EOT), and 12-months (12M) following the cessation program. Serum cotinine was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) at EOT and 12M following the smoking cessation program. Compared to BL (7.0 ± 1.6 pg/mL), TNF-α was significantly reduced at EOT (6.3 ± 1.5 pg/mL, p = 0.001) and 12M (5.2 ± 2.7 pg/mL, p < 0.001). ET-1 was significantly lower at EOT (1.9 ± 0.6 pg/mL, p = 0.013) and at 12M (2.0 ± 0.8 pg/mL, p = 0.091) following smoking cessation compared with BL (2.3 ± 0.6 pg/mL). BL concentrations of cotinine were significantly associated with basal ET-1 (r = 0.449, p = 0.013) and the change in cotinine at 12M following smoking cessation was significantly associated with the change in plasma ET-1 at 12M (r = 0.457, p = 0.011). Findings from the present pilot investigation demonstrate that a 12-week smoking cessation program reduces circulating concentrations of ET-1 and TNF-α for at least a year. The reduction in serum cotinine was associated with the decrease in circulating ET-1. The attenuation in ET-1 and inflammation may in part, contribute to the lower risk of CVD that is observed with smoking cessation.

Indexed as

Smoking CessationAdultCotinineEndothelin-1FemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansInflammationInflammation MediatorsInterleukin-6MaleMiddle AgedPilot ProjectsRiskSmokingTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaCotinineEndothelin-1Inflammation MediatorsInterleukin-6Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID34916543
PMCPMC8677816
OpenAlexW4200070979

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.