Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34916284›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021

Bacteriophage self-counting in the presence of viral replication.

Tianyou Yao, Seth Coleman, Thu Vu Phuc Nguyen, Ido Golding, Oleg A Igoshin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Revisiting the life cycle of temperate phages.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026
    Review
  2. Counting to two: how phages decide between lysis and lysogeny.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Prophage: agent provocateur?Archives of microbiology · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Spatial propagation of temperate phages within and among biofilms.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Tianyou YaoVerna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.ORCID 0000-0003-4011-198X
Seth ColemanCenter for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030.
Thu Vu Phuc NguyenVerna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.ORCID 0000-0002-8400-8880
Ido GoldingVerna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030; igolding@illinois.edu igoshin@rice.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-4308-4959
Oleg A IgoshinCenter for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030; igolding@illinois.edu igoshin@rice.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-1449-4772

Funding

ILLUMINATING CELLULAR INDIVIDUALITY THROUGH BACTERIOPHAGE INFECTION (2nd Period)R35GM140709 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI Ido Golding · 2021 to 2026
$2.4M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM140709
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

When host cells are in low abundance, temperate bacteriophages opt for dormant (lysogenic) infection. Phage lambda implements this strategy by increasing the frequency of lysogeny at higher multiplicity of infection (MOI). However, it remains unclear how the phage reliably counts infecting viral genomes even as their intracellular number increases because of replication. By combining theoretical modeling with single-cell measurements of viral copy number and gene expression, we find that instead of hindering lambda's decision, replication facilitates it. In a nonreplicating mutant, viral gene expression simply scales with MOI rather than diverging into lytic (virulent) and lysogenic trajectories. A similar pattern is followed during early infection by wild-type phage. However, later in the infection, the modulation of viral replication by the decision genes amplifies the initially modest gene expression differences into divergent trajectories. Replication thus ensures the optimal decision-lysis upon single-phage infection and lysogeny at higher MOI.

Indexed as

LysogenyModels, BiologicalVirus ReplicationBacteriophage lambdaGene DosageGene Expression Regulation, ViralGenome, Viralbacteriophagecell-fate decisionE. colimathematical modelingsingle cell

Identifiers

PMID34916284
PMCPMC8713767

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.