SynthesisTissue engineering. Part B, Reviews2022
Systematic Evaluation of Spinal Cord Injury Animal Models in the Field of Biomaterials.
Synthesis in Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The role of sex hormones in neurological and functional recovery following spinal cord injury in females: a systematic review of the literature.Spinal cord · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of phosphodiesterase inhibition on neurobehavioral outcomes in preclinical models of traumatic and non-traumatic spinal cord injury: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Engineering functional vasculatures to reconstruct sympathetic-parasympathetic circuits for bladder function after spinal cord injury.Bioactive materials · 2027Article
- The Immunologic Function of the Choroid Plexus: A Gateway to Immunomodulatory Therapy in Injury Models of the Central Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Fidelity Paradox in Spinal Cord Injury: Reframing Biomechanical Mimicry and Neurobiological Relevance for Clinical Translation.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP) classification - a case study on spinal cord injury.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Injectable hydrogel-based localized delivery of IDO-galectin-3 mitigates neuroinflammation and promotes neuronal sparing after spinal cord contusion in rats.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2026Article
- [Finite element analysis of skeletal injury mechanisms in adult standing positions with both feet landed on the ground].Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Article
- Spinal cord injury models: Advantages and disadvantages in the view of pathophysiology and clinical significance.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- Long-Term Management and Monitoring of the Bladder After Spinal Cord Injury in a Rodent Model.Biology · 2025Article
- Crossing the Valley of Death in Spinal Cord Injury: Learning from Successful Translators.Neurotrauma reports · 2025Review
- Application of Adipose Extracellular Matrix and Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites for Spinal Cord Injury Repair.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Biocompatible adipose extracellular matrix and reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for tissue engineering applications.Materials today. Bio · 2024Article
- Refinement of the motorised laminectomy-assisted rat spinal cord injury model by analgesic treatment.PloS one · 2024Article
- Low-temperature 3D-printed collagen/chitosan scaffolds loaded with exosomes derived from neural stem cells pretreated with insulin growth factor-1 enhance neural regeneration after traumatic brain injury.Neural regeneration research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The large number of animal models used in spinal cord injury (SCI) research complicates the objective selection of the most appropriate model to investigate the efficacy of biomaterial-based therapies. This systematic review aims to identify a list of relevant animal models of SCI by evaluating the confirmation of SCI and animal survival in all published SCI models used in biomaterials research up until April 2021. A search in PubMed and Embase based on "spinal cord injury," "animal models," and "biomaterials" yielded 4606 papers, 393 of which were further evaluated. A total of 404 individual animal experiments were identified based on type of SCI, level of SCI, and the sex, species, and strain of the animals used. Finally, a total of 149 unique animal models were comparatively evaluated, which led to the generation of an evidence-based list of well-documented mid-thoracic rat models of SCI. These models were used most often, clearly confirmed SCI, and had relatively high survival rates, and therefore could serve as a future starting point for studying novel biomaterial-based therapies for SCI. Furthermore, the review discusses (1) the possible risk of bias in SCI animal models, (2) the difficulty in replication of such experiments due to frequent poor reporting of the methods and results, and (3) the clinical relevance of the currently utilized models.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.