Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34914928›Full record

ArticleCell reports2021

Structural analysis of receptor binding domain mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern that modulate ACE2 and antibody binding.

Dhiraj Mannar, James W Saville, Xing Zhu, Shanti S Srivastava, Alison M Berezuk, Steven Zhou, Katharine S Tuttle, Andrew Kim, Wei Li, Dimiter S Dimitrov and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
65citing papers in PubMed
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

65 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Review
  6. Molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 entry: implications for biomedical strategies.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Dynamic expedition of leading mutations in SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoproteins.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Dhiraj MannarDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
James W SavilleDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Xing ZhuDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Shanti S SrivastavaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Alison M BerezukDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Steven ZhouDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Katharine S TuttleDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Andrew KimCenter for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, UPMC, 3550 Terrace Str, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Wei LiCenter for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, UPMC, 3550 Terrace Str, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Dimiter S DimitrovCenter for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, UPMC, 3550 Terrace Str, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Sriram SubramaniamDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. Electronic address: sriram.subramaniam@ubc.ca.
University of British Columbia · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Beta (B.1.351) and Gamma (P.1) variants of concern (VoCs) include a key mutation (N501Y) found in the Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant that enhances affinity of the spike protein for its receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Additional mutations are found in these variants at residues 417 and 484 that appear to promote antibody evasion. In contrast, the Epsilon variants (B.1.427/429) lack the N501Y mutation yet exhibit antibody evasion. We have engineered spike proteins to express these receptor binding domain (RBD) VoC mutations either in isolation or in different combinations and analyze the effects using biochemical assays and cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structural analyses. Overall, our findings suggest that the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variant spikes can be rationalized as the result of mutations that confer increased ACE2 affinity, increased antibody evasion, or both, providing a framework to dissect the molecular factors that drive VoC evolution.

Indexed as

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Binding SitesCryoelectron MicroscopyHumansMolecular Dynamics SimulationMutationProtein Interaction Domains and MotifsSARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusACE2 protein, humanAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2ACE2antibodycryo-EMRBDSARS-CoV-2spikevariants of concern

Identifiers

PMID34914928
PMCPMC8642162
OpenAlexW4226053901

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.