Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34913104›Full record

SynthesisEuropean radiology2022

The effect of deep learning reconstruction on abdominal CT densitometry and image quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

J Abel van Stiphout, Jan Driessen, Lennart R Koetzier, Lara B Ruules, Martin J Willemink, Jan W T Heemskerk, Aart J van der Molen

Open access · hybridAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in European radiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Obese patient imaging: Potential dose reduction with photon-counting CT.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2026
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  15. Obese patient imaging: improved dose efficiency with photon-counting CT.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

J Abel van StiphoutDepartment of Clinical Technology, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering (3ME), Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands. j.a.vanstiphout@student.tudelft.nl.
Jan DriessenDepartment of Clinical Technology, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering (3ME), Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands.
Lennart R KoetzierDepartment of Clinical Technology, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering (3ME), Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands.
Lara B RuulesDepartment of Clinical Technology, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering (3ME), Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands.
Martin J WilleminkDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, S-072, Stanford, CA, 94305-5105, USA.
Jan W T HeemskerkDepartment of Radiology C-2S, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, NL-2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Aart J van der MolenDepartment of Radiology C-2S, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, NL-2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Delft University of Technology · NLLeiden University Medical Center · NLStanford University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine the difference in CT values and image quality of abdominal CT images reconstructed by filtered back-projection (FBP), hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR), and deep learning reconstruction (DLR).

methodsPubMed and Embase were systematically searched for articles regarding CT densitometry in the abdomen and the image reconstruction techniques FBP, hybrid IR, and DLR. Mean differences in CT values between reconstruction techniques were analyzed. A comparison between signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of FBP, hybrid IR, and DLR was made. A comparison of diagnostic confidence between hybrid IR and DLR was made.

resultsSixteen articles were included, six being suitable for meta-analysis. In the liver, the mean difference between hybrid IR and DLR was - 0.633 HU (p = 0.483, SD ± 0.902 HU). In the spleen, the mean difference between hybrid IR and DLR was - 0.099 HU (p = 0.925, SD ± 1.061 HU). In the pancreas, the mean difference between hybrid IR and DLR was - 1.372 HU (p = 0.353, SD ± 1.476 HU). In 14 articles, CNR was described. In all cases, DLR showed a significantly higher CNR. In 9 articles, SNR was described. In all cases but one, DLR showed a significantly higher SNR. In all cases, DLR showed a significantly higher diagnostic confidence.

conclusionsThere were no significant differences in CT values reconstructed by FBP, hybrid IR, and DLR in abdominal organs. This shows that these reconstruction techniques are consistent in reconstructing CT values. DLR images showed a significantly higher SNR and CNR, compared to FBP and hybrid IR. KEY POINTS: CT values of abdominal CT images are similar between deep learning reconstruction (DLR), filtered back-projection (FBP), and hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR). DLR results in improved image quality in terms of SNR and CNR compared to FBP and hybrid IR images. DLR can thus be safely implemented in the clinical setting resulting in improved image quality without affecting CT values.

Indexed as

Deep LearningRadiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-AssistedAbdomenAlgorithmsDensitometryHumansRadiation DosageTomography, X-Ray ComputedAbdomenDeep learningImage processing, computer-assistedTomography, x-ray computed

Identifiers

PMID34913104
PMCPMC9038933
OpenAlexW4200161612

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.