ArticleTranslational psychiatry2021
A schizophrenia subgroup with elevated inflammation displays reduced microglia, increased peripheral immune cell and altered neurogenesis marker gene expression in the subependymal zone.
Article in Translational psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Altered Vascular and Angiogenic Transcripts in the Neurogenic Niche in Neuroinflammatory-Type Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation: an unfortunate term to describe schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- From peripheral blood neutrophils and monocytes to microglia in the brain: Converging evidence for innate immune activation in schizophrenia and major depression.Dusunen adam : Bakirkoy Ruh ve Sinir Hastaliklari Hastanesi yayin organi · 2026Article
- Peripheral lncRNA-IL1RAP Dysregulation in Schizophrenia: A Multi-Omics Bridge Between Immunity and Diagnosis.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Increased Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily Members in Neuroinflammatory Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Midbrains.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- CD163+ perivascular macrophages in schizophrenia: a research framework for testing macrophage-related mechanisms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Development of an Inflammation-related Gene-based Diagnostic Risk Model and Immune Infiltration Analysis in Bipolar Disorder.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- ZDHHC5 Mediates Immune Dysregulation Driving Generalized Anxiety Disorder Risk.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Region-Specific Transcriptional Signatures of Brain Aging in the Absence of Neuropathology at the Single-cell Level.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Causality effect of 21 metals in plasma and serum, 731 immunocytes, and schizophrenia: an intermediary Mendelian randomization study in East Asian populations.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Interleukin-5, Eosinophil, and Immunoglobulin A Levels in Schizophrenia Patients.Alpha psychiatry · 2025Article
- Molecular Evidence for Altered Angiogenesis in Neuroinflammation-Associated Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Implicate an Abnormal Midbrain Blood-Brain Barrier.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Article
- Regional brain structural alterations in reward and salience networks in asthma.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Deciphering transcriptomic signatures in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Age-Dependent Correlation between Immune Parameters and Symptoms in Young Adults with Schizophrenia.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Onset age moderates the associations between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and clinical symptoms in first-episode patients with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Immunophenotypes in psychosis: is it a premature inflamm-aging disorder?Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- Elevated serum kynurenic acid in individuals with first-episode psychosis and insufficient response to antipsychotics.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- The potential role of the p75 receptor in schizophrenia: neuroimmunomodulation and making life or death decisions.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- RNA-sequencing suggests extracellular matrix and vasculature dysregulation could impair neurogenesis in schizophrenia cases with elevated inflammation.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inflammation regulates neurogenesis, and the brains of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have reduced expression of neurogenesis markers in the subependymal zone (SEZ), the birthplace of inhibitory interneurons. Inflammation is associated with cortical interneuron deficits, but the relationship between inflammation and reduced neurogenesis in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder remains unexplored. Therefore, we investigated inflammation in the SEZ by defining those with low and high levels of inflammation using cluster analysis of IL6, IL6R, IL1R1 and SERPINA3 gene expression in 32 controls, 32 schizophrenia and 29 bipolar disorder cases. We then determined whether mRNAs for markers of glia, immune cells and neurogenesis varied with inflammation. A significantly greater proportion of schizophrenia (37%) and bipolar disorder cases (32%) were in high inflammation subgroups compared to controls (10%, p < 0.05). Across the high inflammation subgroups of psychiatric disorders, mRNAs of markers for phagocytic microglia were reduced (P2RY12, P2RY13), while mRNAs of markers for perivascular macrophages (CD163), pro-inflammatory macrophages (CD64), monocytes (CD14), natural killer cells (FCGR3A) and adhesion molecules (ICAM1) were increased. Specific to high inflammation schizophrenia, quiescent stem cell marker mRNA (GFAPD) was reduced, whereas neuronal progenitor (ASCL1) and immature neuron marker mRNAs (DCX) were decreased compared to low inflammation control and schizophrenia subgroups. Thus, a heightened state of inflammation may dampen microglial response and recruit peripheral immune cells in psychiatric disorders. The findings elucidate differential neurogenic responses to inflammation within psychiatric disorders and highlight that inflammation may impair neuronal differentiation in the SEZ in schizophrenia.
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