Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34911522›Full record

ArticleBMC women's health2021

The impact of medical tourism on cervical cancer screening among immigrant women in the U.S.

Sou Hyun Jang, Hendrika Meischke, Linda K Ko

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC women's health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Sou Hyun JangDepartment of Sociology, Sungkyunkwan University, 25-2 Sungkyunkwan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea. souhyunjang@skku.edu.
Hendrika MeischkeDepartment of Health Systems and Population Health, Hans Rosling Center for Population Health, University of Washington, 3980 15th Avenue NE, 4th Floor, UW Mailbox, Seattle, WA, 351621, USA.
Linda K KoDepartment of Health Systems and Population Health, Hans Rosling Center for Population Health, University of Washington, 3980 15th Avenue NE, 4th Floor, UW Mailbox, Seattle, WA, 351621, USA.
Fred Hutch Cancer Center · USSungkyunkwan University · KRUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

Biobehavioral Cancer Prevention and Control Training Program (BCPT)T32CA092408 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Margaret A Hannon · 2016 to 2026
$2.3M
NCI NIH HHS T32 CA092408NIH HHS 5T32 CA 92408-18
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundResearch on the relationship between medical tourism-traveling abroad for healthcare and cervical cancer screening is lacking. This study examines (1) the association between medical tourism and cervical cancer screening among immigrant women and (2) whether the association varies across years in the U.S.

methodsWe analyzed the New Immigrant Survey data of immigrant women aged 21-65 (n = 999). The outcome was having had a Pap smear since becoming a permanent resident, and the main predictor was medical tourism. Logistic regressions were conducted.

resultsImmigrant women who engaged in medical tourism had higher cervical cancer screening rates compared to those who did not engage in medical tourism (84.09% vs. 71.68%). This relationship was statistically significant only among women who have recently immigrated, after controlling for covariates.

conclusionsImmigrant women who engaged in medical tourism had 2.18 higher odds of receiving a Pap smear than immigrant women who did not, after controlling for other covariates. Health educators should be aware of the practice of medical tourism and consider providing education on adherence to cancer screening guidelines and follow up abnormal results to ensure that immigrant women receive continuous cancer care.

Indexed as

Emigrants and ImmigrantsMedical TourismUterine Cervical NeoplasmsAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesEarly Detection of CancerFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansMass ScreeningMiddle AgedPapanicolaou TestVaginal SmearsYoung AdultCervical cancer screeningImmigrant womenMedical tourismPap smearRecent immigrantsSelf-sample HPV test

Identifiers

PMID34911522
PMCPMC8672536
OpenAlexW4200224607

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.