Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34911499›Full record

ArticleBMC surgery2021

An exploratory study of two-dimensional shear-wave elastography in the diagnosis of acute compartment syndrome.

Jun Zhang, Wanfu Zhang, Huihui Zhou, Lin Sang, Lina Liu, Yuanyuan Sun, Xue Gong, Hao Guan, Ming Yu

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Noninvasive Diagnosis of Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome With Shear Wave Elastography and Subharmonic-Aided Pressure Estimation.Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine · 2026
    Article
  3. Observational
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jun ZhangThe Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changle West Rd, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
Wanfu ZhangThe Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changle West Rd, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
Huihui ZhouThe Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changle West Rd, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
Lin SangThe Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changle West Rd, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
Lina LiuThe Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changle West Rd, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
Yuanyuan SunThe Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changle West Rd, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
Xue GongThe Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changle West Rd, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
Hao GuanThe Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changle West Rd, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China. guanhao@hotmail.com.
Ming YuThe Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changle West Rd, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China. yumingfmmu@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9935-4412
Xijing Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTwo-dimensional shear-wave elastography (2D-SWE) is an ultrasound elastography technique that uses shear waves to quantitatively measure tissue stiffness and it has recently been developed as a safe, real-time, and noninvasive imaging technique. The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of 2D-SWE in the diagnosis and treatment of acute compartment syndrome (ACS).

methods2D-SWE was used to measure the elasticity values of the main muscles in the superficial compartments of the calf in 212 healthy volunteers, and the difference in the muscle elasticity values between different gender and age groups were analyzed. Nine patients with clinical suspicion of ACS were included in this study and 2D-SWE was used to measure the elasticity values of the muscles on the affected and unaffected sides, and a comparative analysis was performed.

resultsThe mean elasticity values of the tibialis anterior (TA), peroneus longus (PL), and gastrocnemius medialis (GA) muscles in the relaxed state of the 212 healthy volunteers were 25.4 ± 3.2 kPa, 15.7 ± 1.5 kPa, and 12.1 ± 2.1 kPa, respectively. No statistically significant differences was observed in the elasticity values of the same muscle under the state of relaxation in different gender and age groups (p > 0.05). A statistically significant difference in the elasticity values of the muscle between the affected and unaffected sides in the fasciotomy group (p < 0.05, n = 5) was observed. In contrast, no difference in the elasticity values of the muscle between the affected and unaffected sides in the conservative group (p > 0.05, n = 4) was observed. There was a statistically significant difference in the elasticity values of the muscle on the affected side in the two treatment groups (p < 0.05).

conclusionsWhen the ACS occurs, the muscle elasticity of the affected limb increases significantly. 2D-SWE is expected to be a new noninvasive technique for the assessment of ACS and may provide a potential basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Indexed as

Compartment SyndromesElasticity Imaging TechniquesElasticityHumansMuscle, SkeletalUltrasonographyAcute compartment syndromeElasticity value of muscleNoninvasive measurementUltrasound 2D shear-wave elastography

Identifiers

PMID34911499
PMCPMC8672541
OpenAlexW4200592433

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.