ArticleScience advances2021
Little Ice Age abruptly triggered by intrusion of Atlantic waters into the Nordic Seas.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Volcanic eruptions caused weakening AMOC during the preindustrial past millennium.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Consistent response of European summers to the latitudinal temperature gradient over the Holocene.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Mid-Late Holocene coral calcification dynamics: deciphering climatic and environmental effects.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Opportunities for Earth Observation to Inform Risk Management for Ocean Tipping Points.Surveys in geophysics · 2025Review
- Destabilisation of the Subpolar North Atlantic prior to the Little Ice Age.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Split westerlies over Europe in the early Little Ice Age.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Lazy hazy days.EMBO reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Little Ice Age (LIA) was one of the coldest periods of the postglacial period in the Northern Hemisphere. Although there is increasing evidence that this time interval was associated with weakening of the subpolar gyre (SPG), the sequence of events that led to its weakened state has yet to be explained. Here, we show that the LIA was preceded by an exceptional intrusion of warm Atlantic water into the Nordic Seas in the late 1300s. The intrusion was a consequence of persistent atmospheric blocking over the North Atlantic, linked to unusually high solar activity. The warmer water led to the breakup of sea ice and calving of tidewater glaciers; weakening of the blocking anomaly in the late 1300s allowed the large volume of ice that had accumulated to be exported into the North Atlantic. This led to a weakening of the SPG, setting the stage for the subsequent LIA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.