ArticleMedical physics2022
Three-dimensional printing of patient-specific lung phantoms for CT imaging: Emulating lung tissue with accurate attenuation profiles and textures.
Article in Medical physics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- Filament deposition modeling quality assurance testing for the medical physicist.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2026Article
- CT texture phantom dataset with paired image quality assessments for quantitative imaging.Medical physics · 2026Article
- Obese patient imaging: Potential dose reduction with photon-counting CT.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2026Article
- An open-source CT texture phantom for radiomic imaging studies: Design, manufacture, and initial evaluation.Medical physics · 2026Article
- Dual-Filament 3D Printing of Patient-Specific CT Phantoms with Embedded Implants and Tunable Metal-Artifact Intensity.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Evaluation of a CZT-based photon-counting detector CT prototype for low-dose lung cancer screening using patient-specific lung phantoms.Research square · 2026Article
- Development and Radiological Evaluation of 3D-Printed Patient-Specific Lung Phantoms: From CT Imaging to 3D Modeling and Material Characterization.Research square · 2026Article
- An Enhanced Voxel-by-Voxel Filament Extrusion-Based Method for Realistic Radiological Phantoms: A Breast Phantom Case.Polymers · 2026Article
- Using a Physics-Based Approach to Standardize Radiomics Values: Experimental Validation in an Anthropomorphic Phantom on a Clinical CT Scanner Using a Range of Dose Levels and Reconstruction Kernels.Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering · 2026Article
- Functional personalization in digital manufacturing: a translational framework for patient-specific implants, arthroscopic locators, and therapeutic constructs.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of a CZT-based photon-counting detector CT prototype for low-dose lung cancer screening using patient-specific lung phantoms.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Obese patient imaging: improved dose efficiency with photon-counting CT.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Part-solid pulmonary nodule phantoms with realistic morphology and densities by stereolithography-based 3D-printing: from design to validation.European radiology experimental · 2025Article
- PixelPrint 4D : A 3D Printing Method of Fabricating Patient-Specific Deformable CT Phantoms for Respiratory Motion Applications.Investigative radiology · 2025Article
- Optimization and fabrication of a novel 3D-printed variable density range modulation device for proton FLASH beams.Medical physics · 2025Article
- Hybrid phantom for lung CT: Design and validation.Medical physics · 2025Article
- Assessing the stability of photon-counting CT: insights from a 2-year longitudinal study.European radiology · 2025Article
- Development of a novel 3D-printed dynamic anthropomorphic thorax phantom for evaluation of four-dimensional computed tomography.Physics and imaging in radiation oncology · 2024Article
- Multi-Institutional Audit of FLASH and Conventional Dosimetry With a 3D Printed Anatomically Realistic Mouse Phantom.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2024Article
- Lifelike and Deformable Lung Phantoms for 4DCT Imaging: A Three-Dimensional Printing Approach.Conference proceedings. International Conference on Image Formation in X-Ray Computed Tomography · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposePhantoms are a basic tool for assessing and verifying performance in CT research and clinical practice. Patient-based realistic lung phantoms accurately representing textures and densities are essential in developing and evaluating novel CT hardware and software. This study introduces PixelPrint, a 3D printing solution to create patient-based lung phantoms with accurate attenuation profiles and textures.
methodsPixelPrint, a software tool, was developed to convert patient digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) images directly into FDM printer instructions (G-code). Density was modeled as the ratio of filament to voxel volume to emulate attenuation profiles for each voxel, with the filament ratio controlled through continuous modification of the printing speed. A calibration phantom was designed to determine the mapping between filament line width and Hounsfield units (HU) within the range of human lungs. For evaluation of PixelPrint, a phantom based on a single human lung slice was manufactured and scanned with the same CT scanner and protocol used for the patient scan. Density and geometrical accuracy between phantom and patient CT data were evaluated for various anatomical features in the lung.
resultsFor the calibration phantom, measured mean HU show a very high level of linear correlation with respect to the utilized filament line widths, (r > 0.999). Qualitatively, the CT image of the patient-based phantom closely resembles the original CT image both in texture and contrast levels (from -800 to 0 HU), with clearly visible vascular and parenchymal structures. Regions of interest comparing attenuation illustrated differences below 15 HU. Manual size measurements performed by an experienced thoracic radiologist reveal a high degree of geometrical correlation of details between identical patient and phantom features, with differences smaller than the intrinsic spatial resolution of the scans.
conclusionThe present study demonstrates the feasibility of 3D-printed patient-based lung phantoms with accurate organ geometry, image texture, and attenuation profiles. PixelPrint will enable applications in the research and development of CT technology, including further development in radiomics.
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