ArticleResearch (Washington, D.C.)2021
Fractal Design Boosts Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Bone-Mimicking Radial-Gradient Scaffolds.
Article in Research (Washington, D.C.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Patient-Specific Lattice Implants for Segmental Femoral and Tibial Reconstruction (Part 1): Defect Patterns, Fixation Strategies and Reconstruction Options-A Review.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Design and mechanical damage behavior of radially gradient-controllable Ti6Al4V bionic porous bone scaffolds.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Design and performance study of biomimetic bone scaffolds based on the fusion of triply periodic minimal surfaces.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Article
- Personalized Design of 3D-Printed Osteochondral Scaffold for Osteoarthritis Patients with Different Bone Conditions and Mechanical Evaluation.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Bioinspired 3D Bone Model: Mimicking the Cortical-Spongy Bone Architecture and Biology for Enhanced Physiological Representation of Bone.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Article
- Biomimetic structural design in 3D-printed scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Fast shape memory function and personalized PLTMC/SIM/MBG composite scaffold for bone regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Aberrant Tryptophan Metabolism Manipulates Osteochondral Homeostasis.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Spatially defined microenvironment for engineering organoids.Biophysics reviews · 2024Review
- Research on Dual-Phase Composite Forming Process and Platform Construction of Radial Gradient Long Bone Scaffold.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A Systematic Review on the Generation of Organic Structures through Additive Manufacturing Techniques.Polymers · 2024Review
- Gradient matters via filament diameter-adjustable 3D printing.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Snowflake-inspired and blink-driven flexible piezoelectric contact lenses for effective corneal injury repair.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Shape Memory Polymer Composites: 4D Printing, Smart Structures, and Applications.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2023Review
- 3D-Printed Flat-Bone-Mimetic Bioceramic Scaffolds for Cranial Restoration.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2023Article
- Customized Additive Manufacturing in Bone Scaffolds-The Gateway to Precise Bone Defect Treatment.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2023Review
- Machine Learning in Predicting Printable Biomaterial Formulations for Direct Ink Writing.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2023Article
- The application of 3D bioprinting in urological diseases.Materials today. Bio · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although extrusion-based three-dimensional (EB-3D) printing technique has been widely used in the complex fabrication of bone tissue-engineered scaffolds, a natural bone-like radial-gradient scaffold by this processing method is of huge challenge and still unmet. Inspired by a typical fractal structure of Koch snowflake, for the first time, a fractal-like porous scaffold with a controllable hierarchical gradient in the radial direction is presented via fractal design and then implemented by EB-3D printing. This radial-gradient structure successfully mimics the radially gradual decrease in porosity of natural bone from cancellous bone to cortical bone. First, we create a design-to-fabrication workflow with embedding the graded data on basis of fractal design into digital processing to instruct the extrusion process of fractal-like scaffolds. Further, by a combination of suitable extruded inks, a series of bone-mimicking scaffolds with a 3-iteration fractal-like structure are fabricated to demonstrate their superiority, including radial porosity, mechanical property, and permeability. This study showcases a robust strategy to overcome the limitations of conventional EB-3D printers for the design and fabrication of functionally graded scaffolds, showing great potential in bone tissue engineering.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.