Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34908639›Full record

ArticleEnfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica2023

COVID-19 associated infections in the ICU setting: A retrospective analysis in a tertiary-care hospital.

Rafael Ramos, Sofía de la Villa, Sergio García-Ramos, Belén Padilla, Pablo García-Olivares, Patricia Piñero, Alberto Garrido, Javier Hortal, Patricia Muñoz, Estrela Caamaño and 4 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Observational
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Antimicrobial Therapy as a Risk Factor of Multidrug-ResistantThe Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2023
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Rafael RamosAnesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Sofía de la VillaClinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Sergio García-RamosAnesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Belén PadillaClinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Pablo García-OlivaresIntensive Care Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Patricia PiñeroAnesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Alberto GarridoIntensive Care Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Javier HortalAnesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Patricia MuñozClinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Estrela CaamañoAnesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Pilar BenitoAnesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Jamil CedeñoIntensive Care Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Ignacio GaruttiAnesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Marañón Critical COVID-19 Infection Group
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón · ESUniversidad Complutense de Madrid · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Our work describes the frequency of superinfections in COVID-19 ICU patients and identifies risk factors for its appearance. Second, we evaluated ICU length of stay, in-hospital mortality and analyzed a subgroup of multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDROs) infections. Methods: Retrospective study conducted between March and June 2020. Superinfections were defined as appeared ≥48 h. Bacterial and fungal infections were included, and sources were ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infection (VA-LRTI), primary bloodstream infection (BSI), secondary BSI, and urinary tract infection (UTI). We performed a univariate analysis and a multivariate analysis of the risk factors. Results: Two-hundred thirteen patients were included. We documented 174 episodes in 95 (44.6%) patients: 78 VA-LRTI, 66 primary BSI, 9 secondary BSI and 21 UTI. MDROs caused 29.3% of the episodes. The median time from admission to the first episode was 18 days and was longer in MDROs than in non-MDROs (28 vs. 16 days, Conclusions: Superinfections in ICU patients are frequent in late course of admission. Corticosteroids, tocilizumab, and previous broad-spectrum antibiotics are identified as risk factors for its development.

Indexed as

COVID-19Intensive care unitMortalityMultidrug resistant bacteriaSuperinfections

Identifiers

PMID34908639
PMCPMC8658403
OpenAlexW3216341356

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.