Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2022
The effect of empagliflozin on the total burden of cardiovascular and hospitalization events in the Asian and non-Asian populations of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial of patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Healthcare resource utilization in patients treated with empagliflozin in East Asia.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of Canagliflozin on Total Cardiovascular Burden in Patients With Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Post Hoc Analysis From the CREDENCE Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Trial
- The effect of empagliflozin on the total burden of cardiovascular and hospitalization events in the Asian and non-Asian populations of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial of patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Trial
- Observational
- Review
- Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition and Hospitalizations in Patients with CKD: A Meta-Analysis of Kidney Outcome Trials.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Article
- Treatment effect heterogeneity following type 2 diabetes treatment with GLP1-receptor agonists and SGLT2-inhibitors: a systematic review.Communications medicine · 2023Article
- Dapagliflozin reduces risk of heart failure rehospitalization in diabetic acute myocardial infarction patients: a propensity score-matched analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Article
- Precision medicine in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review of treatment effect heterogeneity for GLP1-receptor agonists and SGLT2-inhibitors.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Effect of dapagliflozin on the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Article
- Short-Term Treatment with Empagliflozin Resulted in Dehydration and Cardiac Arrest in an Elderly Patient with Specific Complications: A Case Report and Literature Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- Preventing all-cause hospitalizations in type 2 diabetes with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: A narrative review and proposed clinical approach.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsThe sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin reduced the total burden of cardiovascular, mortality, and all-cause hospitalization events, including first and recurrent events, in EMPA-REG OUTCOME participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We investigated the effect of empagliflozin on the total burden of cardiovascular and hospitalization events in Asian participants. MATERIALS AND
methodsParticipants were randomized to empagliflozin 10 mg, 25 mg or placebo plus standard of care. The primary and key secondary outcomes were the composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke and the primary outcome plus hospitalization for unstable angina, respectively. The effect of pooled empagliflozin versus placebo on total (first plus recurrent) cardiovascular and hospitalization events was analysed using a negative binomial model that preserves randomization and accounts for within-patient correlation of multiple events. We analysed Asian versus non-Asian EMPA-REG OUTCOME population subgroups post hoc.
resultsAmong 1517 Asian participants, empagliflozin reduced the relative risk of total events of the primary outcome by 39% versus placebo [rate ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.61 (0.43, 0.89)], the key secondary outcome by 33% [0.67 (0.48, 0.93)], the composite of cardiovascular death (excluding fatal stroke) and hospitalization for heart failure by 43% [0.57 (0.33, 0.996)], and all-cause hospitalization by 21% [0.79 (0.65, 0.97)]. The effects of empagliflozin were consistent between Asian and non-Asian populations (treatment-by-subgroup interaction p > .05).
conclusionsEmpagliflozin reduced the total burden of cardiovascular and hospitalization events in Asian and non-Asian EMPA-REG OUTCOME participants with T2D and established ASCVD, consistent with the overall trial population.
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