ArticleScientific reports2021
Calibration of two validated SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus neutralization assays for COVID-19 vaccine evaluation.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variants to Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Pooled it
- Immune correlates analysis in NextCOVE trial for a next-generation mRNA-1283 COVID-19 vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Trial
- Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of the Long-Acting SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody Combination AZD7442 (Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab) in Healthy Chinese Adults.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2025Trial
- A SARS-CoV-2 variant‑adjusted threshold of protection model for monoclonal antibody pre-exposure prophylaxis against COVID-19.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Vaccine-induced T cell responses correlate with reduced risk of severe COVID-19 in a placebo-controlled efficacy trial.EBioMedicine · 2025Trial
- Neutralizing antibody immune correlates in COVAIL trial recipients of an mRNA second COVID-19 vaccine boost.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Neutralizing antibody correlate of protection against severe-critical COVID-19 in the ENSEMBLE single-dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine efficacy trial.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Immunogenicity and Safety of Heterologous Omicron BA.1 and Bivalent SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Spike Protein Booster Vaccines: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Immunogenicity of the BA.1 and BA.4/BA.5 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Bivalent Boosts: Preliminary Results From the COVAIL Randomized Clinical Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Comparing antibody assays as correlates of protection against COVID-19 in the COVE mRNA-1273 vaccine efficacy trial.Science translational medicine · 2023Trial
- Immune correlates analysis of the ENSEMBLE single Ad26.COV2.S dose vaccine efficacy clinical trial.Nature microbiology · 2022Trial
- SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection reveals imprinted antibody responses in the absence of vaccination.iScience · 2026Article
- Humoral Immune Correlates Analysis of Four Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 in Rhesus Macaques.Research square · 2026Article
- Analysis of Antibody Markers as Immune Correlates of Risk of Severe COVID-19 in the PREVENT-19 Efficacy Trial of the NVX-CoV2373 Recombinant Protein Vaccine.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Measuring Humoral Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2: A Comprehensive Review of Serological Assays.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Correlates of severe and delta COVID-19 in a phase 3 trial of the AZD1222 vaccine.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Antiretroviral therapy interferes with pseudovirus neutralization assays while Gag-specific T-cells influence mRNA vaccine outcomes in HIV patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Associated uncertainty estimation during the validation process of TCIDFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are key biomarkers considered to be associated with vaccine efficacy. In United States government-sponsored phase 3 efficacy trials of COVID-19 vaccines, nAbs are measured by two different validated pseudovirus-based SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assays, with each trial using one of the two assays. Here we describe and compare the nAb titers obtained in the two assays. We observe that one assay consistently yielded higher nAb titers than the other when both assays were performed on the World Health Organization's anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin International Standard, COVID-19 convalescent sera, and mRNA-1273 vaccinee sera. To overcome the challenge this difference in readout poses in comparing/combining data from the two assays, we evaluate three calibration approaches and show that readouts from the two assays can be calibrated to a common scale. These results may aid decision-making based on data from these assays for the evaluation and licensure of new or adapted COVID-19 vaccines.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.