Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34907038›Full record

Trial reportBMJ open2021

Sociological variety and the transmission efficiency of

Emma J Murray, Peter J Dodd, Ben Marais, Helen Ayles, Kwame Shanaube, Albertus Schaap, Richard G White, Virginia Bond

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 38% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Emma J MurrayIndependent researcher, Cambridge, UK emmajane.murray@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-3345-2698
Peter J DoddSchool of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Ben MaraisChildren's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
Helen AylesClinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Kwame ShanaubeZambart, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Albertus SchaapDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Richard G WhiteTB Modelling Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Virginia BondZambart, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
University of Zambia · ZMLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBOldham Council · GBThe University of Sydney · AUUniversity of Sheffield · GB

Funding

Defining drivers of TB transmission in the era of universal ART, and implications for finding the walking wellR01AI147321 · NIAID · LONDON SCH/HYGIENE & TROPICAL MEDICINE · PI GRANT, ALISON · 2019 to 2024
$2.3M
Gates Foundation INV-001754Medical Research Council MR/P002404/1Medical Research Council MR/P022081/1NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI147321Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 218261/Z/19/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesSelected Zambian communities formed part of a cluster randomised trial: the Zambia and South Africa TB and AIDS Reduction study (ZAMSTAR). There was wide variability in the prevalence of

designWe conducted a mixed methods secondary analysis using existing data sets. First, we analysed qualitative data to categorise and synthesise patterns of socio-spatial engagement across communities. Second, we compared emergent sociological variables with a measure of transmission efficiency: the ratio of the annual risk of infection to TB prevalence.

settingZAMSTAR communities in urban and peri-urban Zambia, spanning five provinces.

participantsFifteen communities, each served by a health facility offering TB treatment to a population of at least 25 000. TB notification rates were at least 400 per 100 000 per annum and HIV seroprevalence was estimated to be high.

resultsCrowding, movement, livelihoods and participation in recreational activity differed across communities. Based on 12 socio-spatial indicators, communities were qualitatively classified as more/less spatially crowded and as more/less socially 'open' to contact with others, with implications for the presumptive risk of

conclusionsA dual dynamic of 'social permeability' and crowding appeared relevant to disparities in TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN36729271.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsMycobacterium tuberculosisTuberculosisHumansSeroepidemiologic StudiesZambiapublic healthqualitative researchsocial medicinetropical medicinetuberculosis

Identifiers

PMID34907038
PMCPMC8671921
OpenAlexW4200410488

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.