Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34906454›Full record

ArticleGenetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics2022

The Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) Familial Hypercholesterolemia Variant Curation Expert Panel consensus guidelines for LDLR variant classification.

Joana R Chora, Michael A Iacocca, Lukáš Tichý, Hannah Wand, C Lisa Kurtz, Heather Zimmermann, Annette Leon, Maggie Williams, Steve E Humphries, Amanda J Hooper and 19 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
102citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

102 citing papers in PubMed.

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  18. CharacterizingmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
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42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors.

Joana R ChoraDepartment of Health Promotion and Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases, Nacional Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal; BioISI - BioSystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Michael A IacoccaDepartments of Biomedical Data Science and Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto Ontario, Canada.
Lukáš TichýCentre of Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
Hannah WandDepartments of Biomedical Data Science and Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Stanford Health Care, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
C Lisa KurtzDepartment of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
Heather ZimmermannAmbry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA.
Annette LeonColor Health, Inc, Burlingame, CA.
Maggie WilliamsBristol Genetics Laboratory, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Steve E HumphriesCentre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Amanda J HooperDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Royal Perth Hospital and Fiona Stanley Hospital Network, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Mark TrinderDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Liam R BrunhamDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Alexandre Costa PereiraLaboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Institute of the Hearth (InCor), Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.
Cinthia E JannesLaboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Institute of the Hearth (InCor), Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil.
Margaret ChenGeneDx, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD.
Jessica ChonisGeneDx, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD.
Jian WangRobarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Serra KimColor Health, Inc, Burlingame, CA.
Tami JohnstonAmbry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA.
Premysl SoucekCentre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Michal KramarekCentre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Sarah E LeighGenomics England, London, United Kingdom.
Alain CarriéUniversity Hospitals Pitié-Salpêtrière/Charles-Foix, Molecular and Chromosomal Genetics Center, Obesity and Dyslipidemia Genetics Unit, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
Eric J SijbrandsAcademic Medical Center, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Robert A HegeleRobarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Tomáš FreibergerCentre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Joshua W KnowlesDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Prevention Research Center, and Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA; FH Foundation, Pasadena, CA.
Mafalda BourbonDepartment of Health Promotion and Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases, Nacional Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal; BioISI - BioSystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. Electronic address: mafalda.bourbon@insa.min-saude.
ClinGen Familial Hypercholesterolemia Expert Panel

Funding

Resource ProjectU41HG006834 · NHGRI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI REHM, HEIDI L · 2013 to 2020
$26.9M
Stanford Islet Research CoreP30DK116074 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Seung K Kim · 2017 to 2026
$19.5M
The Future of PharmGKB Funding Under NHGRIU41HG009649 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BUSTAMANTE, CARLOS DANIEL · 2017 to 2020
$13.4M
The Clinical Genome Resource - Expert Curation and EHR IntegrationU41HG009650 · NHGRI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BERG, JONATHAN S, GODDARD, KATRINA A. · 2017 to 2020
$13.3M
Characterization of novel insulin resistance genes by gene editing, high-throughput phenotyping and in vivo studiesR01DK120565 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI KNOWLES, JOSHUA WILEY · 2019 to 2023
$3.2M
Mechanisms of NAT2 Regulation of Insulin Resistance and Mitochondrial DysfunctionR01DK116750 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI KNOWLES, JOSHUA WILEY · 2019 to 2023
$2.4M
Beyond GWAS of insulin resistance: An integrated approach to translate genetic association to functionR01DK106236 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI KNOWLES, JOSHUA WILEY · 2016 to 2020
$2.4M
Primary Mitochondrial Disease Expert Curation PanelU24HD093483 · NICHD · CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA · PI FALK, MARNI J, GAI, XIAOWU · 2017 to 2023
$2.2M
Molecular Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance Associated LociR01DK137889 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Joshua Wiley Knowles · 2024 to 2026
$1.8M
Expert Panel: Genetics of Malformations of the Central Nervous SystemU24HD093487 · NICHD · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI PODURI, ANNAPURNA, YU, TIMOTHY WEI-WEN · 2017 to 2019
$988k
Genomic Clinical Variant Expert Curation Panel for Monogenic Diabetes: A Gateway to Precision Medicine in Diabetes MellitusU24HD093486 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI POLLIN, TONI I. · 2017 to 2019
$816k
Synergizing Common Fund Data from MoTrPAC and LINCS for the Discovery of Novel Exercise Mimetic DrugsR03OD038388 · OD · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI KNOWLES, JOSHUA WILEY · 2024 to 2024
$309k
British Heart Foundation PG08/008NHGRI NIH HHS U41 HG006834NHGRI NIH HHS U41 HG009649NHGRI NIH HHS U41 HG009650NICHD NIH HHS U24 HD093483NICHD NIH HHS U24 HD093486NICHD NIH HHS U24 HD093487NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK116074NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK106236NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK116750NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK120565NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK137889NIH HHS R03 OD038388
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeIn 2015, the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) published consensus standardized guidelines for sequence-level variant classification in Mendelian disorders. To increase accuracy and consistency, the Clinical Genome Resource Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) Variant Curation Expert Panel was tasked with optimizing the existing ACMG/AMP framework for disease-specific classification in FH. In this study, we provide consensus recommendations for the most common FH-associated gene, LDLR, where >2300 unique FH-associated variants have been identified.

methodsThe multidisciplinary FH Variant Curation Expert Panel met in person and through frequent emails and conference calls to develop LDLR-specific modifications of ACMG/AMP guidelines. Through iteration, pilot testing, debate, and commentary, consensus among experts was reached.

resultsThe consensus LDLR variant modifications to existing ACMG/AMP guidelines include (1) alteration of population frequency thresholds, (2) delineation of loss-of-function variant types, (3) functional study criteria specifications, (4) cosegregation criteria specifications, and (5) specific use and thresholds for in silico prediction tools, among others.

conclusionEstablishment of these guidelines as the new standard in the clinical laboratory setting will result in a more evidence-based, harmonized method for LDLR variant classification worldwide, thereby improving the care of patients with FH.

Indexed as

Genome, HumanHyperlipoproteinemia Type IIGenetic TestingGenetic VariationGenomicsHumansACMG/AMPClinGenFamilial hypercholesterolemiaLDLRVariant classification

Identifiers

PMID34906454
PMCPMC12558601

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.