SynthesisEuropean psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists2021
Catatonia in autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adverse outcomes for autistic people: an umbrella review of mental health, physical health, social and lifestyle domains.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Expanding the phenotype of NEDAMSS with a psychiatric perspective: analysis of a new case, and a systematic review of the literature.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- SYNGAP-1 Mutation And Catatonia: A Case Series and Systematic Review.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Evidence-based consensus guidelines for the management of catatonia: Recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2023Guideline
- Non-invasive brain stimulation for treating catatonia: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence, Phenotypic Correlates and Predictive Factors of Catatonia in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2026Article
- Catatonic Features That May Be Mistaken for Worsening Autism Show Treatment-Associated Improvement: Implications for Later Regression.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Electroconvulsive Therapy for Catatonia in Autistic and Non-Autistic Patients: An Observational Study on Course, Efficacy, Aggression, and Self-Injury Outcomes.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy for Catatonia in Down Syndrome Regression Disorder: A Systematic Review, Case Series, and Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Blood-Based Inflammatory Indices of Psychiatric Hospitalizations Among Children with Autism in China: A Retrospective Electronic Medical Records Study.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Correlates of Implantable Port Placement in Patients Receiving Electroconvulsive Therapy.The journal of ECT · 2026Article
- Autism spectrum disorder across the lifespan: Dynamic symptom trajectories and multidimensional support framework.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Narrative Review of Catatonia in Psychosis and Eating Disorders: Common Intersections and Treatment Considerations.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Catatonia associated with mosaic 18q deletion syndrome: a case report.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Borderline personality disorder and eating disorders are characterized by specific patterns of autistic traits, post-traumatic and catatonic symptoms.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2026Article
- Rising Prevalence of Pediatric Catatonia Presenting to Inpatient Care: A Retrospective Analysis.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Physical Freezing in Children and Adolescents with Selective Mutism.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Modified electroconvulsive therapy for treatment-resistant self-injurious behavior in autism spectrum disorder with severe intellectual disability: a case report.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Successful bilateral electroconvulsive therapy for catatonia presenting with novel climbing behavior in an adolescent withFrontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Parallel paths: A narrative review exploring autism and its co-occurring conditions.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2025Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCatatonic features can appear in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). There can be overlap in symptoms across catatonia and ASD. The overall aim of this review is to provide evidence for the presence of catatonic features in subjects with ASD.
methodsA systematic literature search using the Web of Science database from inception to July 10, 2021 was conducted following PRISMA, MOOSE guidelines and the PROSPERO protocol. (CRD42021248615). Twelve studies with information about catatonia and ASD were reviewed. Data from a subset was used to conduct meta-analyses of the presence of catatonia in ASD.
resultsThe systematic review included 12 studies, seven of which were used for the meta-analysis, comprising 969 individuals. The mean age was 21.25 (7.5) years. Two studies (16.6%) included only children and adolescents. A total of 70-100% were males. Our meta-analysis showed that 10.4% (5.8-18.0 95%CI) of individuals with ASD have catatonia. Motor disturbances were common in ASD subjects with catatonia. No differences were found in comorbidity. Several treatments have been used in ASD with catatonic features, including benzodiazepines, antipsychotics, and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The findings of the systematic review showed that ECT might help manage catatonic symptoms.
conclusionsDifferent features of catatonia can exist in individuals with ASD and core symptoms of catatonia are reported in ASD. Longitudinal and longer-term studies are required to understand the relationship between catatonia and ASD, and the response of catatonic symptoms to treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.