Observational studyBMC neurology2021
Evolution and prediction of mismatch between observed and perceived upper limb function after stroke: a prospective, longitudinal, observational cohort study.
Observational study in BMC neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond Arm Capacity in Chronic Stroke: Evaluating Paretic Arm Non-Use Through Arm Efficiency-A Cross-Sectional Study.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2025Article
- Examining the Relationship Between Physical Function and Anxiety/Depression in Parkinson's.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Construct validity and responsiveness of clinical upper limb measures and sensor-based arm use within the first year after stroke: a longitudinal cohort study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Observational
- The Bimanual Observation of The Hands (BOTH): Development, reliability, and validity for stroke rehabilitation.PloS one · 2025Article
- Chronic stroke survivors underestimate their upper limb motor ability in a simple 2D motor task.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Psycho-physical interactions in Parkinson's Disease: Protocol for a prospective observational cohort study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Correlation between kinetic and kinematic measures, clinical tests and subjective self-evaluation questionnaires of the affected upper limb in people after stroke.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Daily Life Upper Limb Activity for Patients with Match and Mismatch between Observed Function and Perceived Activity in the Chronic Phase Post Stroke.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA previously shown 'mismatch' group of patients with good observed upper limb (UL) motor function but low perceived UL activity at six months post stroke tends to use the affected UL less in daily life than would be expected based on clinical tests, and this mismatch may also be present at 12 months. We aimed to confirm this group in another cohort, to investigate the evolution of this group from six to 12 months, and to determine factors on admission to inpatient rehabilitation and at 6 months that can discriminate between mismatch and good match groups at 12 months.
methodsPersons after stroke were recruited on rehabilitation admission and re-assessed at six and 12 months. Observed UL function was measured with the upper extremity subscale of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA-UE) and perceived UL activity by the hand subscale of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 (SIS-Hand). We defined mismatch as good observed UL function (FMA-UE > 50/66) but low perceived activity (SIS-Hand≤75/100). Potential discriminators at admission and 6 months (demographic characteristics, stroke characteristics, UL somatosensory function, cognitive deficits, mental function and activity) were statistically compared for match and mismatch groups at 12 months.
resultsWe included 60 participants (female: 42%) with mean (SD) age of 65 (12) years. We confirmed a mismatch group of 11 (18%) patients at 6 months, which increased to 14 (23%) patients at 12 months. In the mismatch group compared to the good match group at 12 months, patients had a higher stroke severity and more somatosensory impairments on admission and at 6 months.
conclusionsWe confirmed a group of patients with good observed UL function but low perceived activity both at six and at 12 months post stroke. Assessment of stroke severity and somatosensory impairments on admission into rehabilitation could determine mismatch at 12 months and might warrant intervention. However, large differences in clinical outcomes between patients in the mismatch group indicate the importance of tailoring training to the individual needs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.