ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021
A pediatric case of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis due to Naegleria fowleri diagnosed by next-generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid and blood samples.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fatal brain infection in early life: primary amoebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri in neonates and infants.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- The added value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in central nervous system infections: a systematic review of case reports.Infection · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic Review of Brain-Eating Amoeba: A Decade Update.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Metagenomics next-generation sequencing for the diagnosis of central nervous system infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Global Review onInfectious disease reports · 2026Review
- Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis caused byFrontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Fulminant amebic colitis complicated by appendiceal perforation and massive abdominal hemorrhage: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Rare Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis diagnosed via combined molecular biology and metagenomic sequencing techniques: a case report.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Article
- Secreted small RNAs ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Review
- Noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers, genomic profiling, and advanced microscopic imaging in the early detection and characterization ofAnnals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Cyanomethyl Vinyl Ethers AgainstACS chemical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Pathogenic free-living amoebic encephalitis from 48 cases in China: A systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Distribution and Current State of Molecular Genetic Characterization in Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Direct Metagenomic Diagnosis of Community-Acquired Meningitis: State of the Art.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrimary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare, acute and fatal disease of the central nervous system caused by infection with Naegleria fowleri (Heggie, in Travel Med Infect Dis 8:201-6, 2010). Presently, the majority of reported cases in the literature have been diagnosed through pathogen detection pathogens in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This report highlights the first case of pediatric PAM diagnosed with amoeba infiltration within CSF and bloodstream of an 8-year-old male child, validated through meta-genomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). CASE PRESENTATION: An 8-year-old male child was admitted to hospital following 24 h of fever, headache and vomiting and rapidly entered into a coma. CSF examination was consistent with typical bacterial meningitis. However, since targeted treatment for this condition proved to be futile, the patient rapidly progressed to brain death. Finally, the patient was referred to our hospital where he was confirmed with brain death. CSF and blood samples were consequently analyzed through mNGS. N. fowleri was detected in both samples, although the sequence copy number in the blood was lower than for CSF. The pathogen diagnosis was further verified by PCR and Sanger sequencing.
conclusionsThis is the first reported case of pediatric PAM found in mainland China. The results indicate that N. fowleri may spread outside the central nervous system through a damaged blood-brain barrier.
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