ArticleAfrican journal of AIDS research : AJAR2021
HIV self-testing may overcome stigma and other barriers to HIV testing among higher-socioeconomic status men in Botswana: A qualitative study.
Article in African journal of AIDS research : AJAR, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06270160 (Tushirikiane-4-Uthabiti), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Tushirikiane-4-Uthabiti (Supporting Each Other For Resilience)
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- mHealth Interventions to Promote HIV Self-Testing Among Key Populations: A Systematic Review of Effectiveness and Implementation Outcomes.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CarePooled it
- HIVST in the presence of a partner among fishermen in Western Kenya: A qualitative study.African journal of AIDS research : AJAR · 2026Trial
- Healthcare inequity in mpox testing intention: A socioeconomic status-stratified path analysis of medical discrimination and distrust among men who have sex with men in China.Global health research and policy · 2026Article
- Determinants of HIV testing intentions among heterosexual men in the Bolgatanga Municipality of Ghana: Evidence from the theory of planned behaviour.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- HIV self-testing awareness among African refugee male sex workers in Italy: A mixed-methods study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Acceptance and associated factors of HIV self-test using oral fluid among targeted adult clients at public health facilities in Sheger City, Ethiopia, 2023.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Feasibility of a Mobile Application for Self and Assisted Reporting of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Self-Testing Results in Tanzania: A Pilot Study.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Pandemic's Impact on HIV and AIDS Case Reporting in Peru: A Time Series Analysis of Surveillance Data (1983-2023).AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- The status of machine learning in HIV testing in South Africa: a qualitative inquiry with stakeholders in Gauteng province.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
- Factors influencing uptake of COVID-19 diagnostics in Sub-Saharan Africa: a rapid scoping review.PloS one · 2025Article
- Intersectional HIV stigma in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean: Insights and pathways forward - A scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- HIV Self-Testing: A Discussion on the Benefits, Limitations, and Implications for Public Health with a Focus on Poland.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Contextualizing HIV testing experiences within the HIV prevention cascade: qualitative insights from refugee youth in Bidi Bidi refugee settlement, Uganda.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Implementing a pilot study of COVID-19 self-testing in high-risk populations and remote locations: results and lessons learnt.BMC public health · 2024Observational
- Determinants and acceptability of HIV self-testing among vulnerable groups in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review protocol.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Feasibility and Acceptability of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Self-Testing for Men of Middle-to-Upper Socioeconomic Status in Botswana: A Pilot Study at 4 Worksites in the Financial Sector.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Uptake and Acceptability of HIV Self-Testing Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women and Their Male Partners in Sub-Saharan Africa: Benefits, Challenges, and Delivery Strategies.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- HIV Self-Testing for Efficient PrEP Delivery Is Highly Acceptable and Feasible in Public Health HIV Clinics in Kenya: A Mixed Methods Study.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In Botswana, HIV prevalence is 20.3% among those between 15 and 49 years old, and in sub-Saharan Africa, higher income has been associated with increased HIV risk. We qualitatively explored barriers to HIV testing and acceptability of HIV self-testing (HIVST) among higher socio-economic status (SES) men in Botswana. Twenty higher SES men (10 tested, 10 not tested recently) participated in semi-structured interviews and 10 men participated in asynchronous online focus groups (FGs) about HIV testing barriers and HIVST acceptability. Results indicated that stigma, inconvenience and perceived lack of confidentiality were barriers to HIV testing, as were masculinity-related concerns (e.g. fear of losing status if they accessed testing or were found to be HIV positive). Men said that HIVST reduced barriers to testing and that test kits could be placed in public spaces for pick-up and used in private. Overall, HIVST was seen as acceptable and feasible among higher SES men in Botswana.
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Registered trials
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