ArticleCell discovery2021
SARS-CoV-2 uses metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 2 as an internalization factor to infect cells.
Article in Cell discovery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuropsychiatric disorders in the course to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, including biological pathomechanisms, psychosocial factors and long COVID-19 associated with "brain fog".Journal of neurovirology · 2025Pooled it
- Identification of Prohibitin (PHB) as an Entry Factor of Highly Pathogenic Coronaviruses Using Metabolic Glycoengineering and Photo-Crosslinking Techniques.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Comparative evaluation of oncolytic viruses reveals opposing preferences for glioblastoma subtypes.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- The macrophage entry mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 mediated by surface CD98/TMPRSS11E complex is associated with the cellular tropism toward proinflammatory M1 and pathogenesis.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of COVID-19 Disease and Post COVID Syndrome: The Role of N-acetylcysteine and Acetyl-L-carnitine.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Review
- The Functions of SARS-CoV-2 Receptors in Diabetes-Related Severe COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Influenza virus uses mGluR2 as an endocytic receptor to enter cells.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Aplastic anemia after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccines: case series and literature review.Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue · 2024Review
- Genome-wide association study identifies human genetic variants associated with fatal outcome from Lassa fever.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- CD97 negatively regulates the innate immune response against RNA viruses by promoting RNF125-mediated RIG-I degradation.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2023Article
- Literature-Based Discovery to Elucidate the Biological Links between Resistant Hypertension and COVID-19.Biology · 2023Article
- Alzheimer's disease risk after COVID-19: a view from the perspective of the infectious hypothesis of neurodegeneration.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Tight junction protein occludin is an internalization factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection and mediates virus cell-to-cell transmission.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Transferrin Receptor Protein 1 Cooperates with mGluR2 To Mediate the Internalization of Rabies Virus and SARS-CoV-2.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Transferrin Receptor Protein 1 Is an Entry Factor for Rabies Virus.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Novel receptor, mutation, vaccine, and establishment of coping mode for SARS-CoV-2: current status and future.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Citicoline and COVID-19: vis-à-vis conjectured.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2022Review
- Photochemical Identification of Auxiliary Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Host Entry Factors Using μMap.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
17 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a binding receptor to enter cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). However, receptors involved in other steps of SARS-CoV-2 infection remain largely unknown. Here, we found that metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 2 (mGluR2) is an internalization factor for SARS-CoV-2. Our results show that mGluR2 directly interacts with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and that knockdown of mGluR2 decreases internalization of SARS-CoV-2 but not cell binding. Further, mGluR2 is uncovered to cooperate with ACE2 to facilitate SARS-CoV-2 internalization through CME and mGluR2 knockout in mice abolished SARS-CoV-2 infection in the nasal turbinates and significantly reduced viral infection in the lungs. Notably, mGluR2 is also important for SARS-CoV spike protein- and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein-mediated internalization. Thus, our study identifies a novel internalization factor used by SARS-CoV-2 and opens a new door for antiviral development against coronavirus infection.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.