ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021
Maternal depression trajectories and child BMI in a multi-ethnic sample: a latent growth modeling analysis.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Joint and Independent Associations of Gestational Diabetes and Depression With Childhood Obesity.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Associations of maternal alcohol and non-prescribed substance use with early child growth.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2025Article
- Perinatal depression trajectories and child development at one year: a study in China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Placental accelerated aging in antenatal depression.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2024Article
- Pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with gestational depressive phenotypes in a population of 12,099 women in Chongqing, China.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPerinatal (antenatal and postpartum) depression impacts approximately 12% of mothers. Perinatal depression can impact everyday functioning for mothers, and the relationship with, and development of, their children. The purpose of this study was to investigate depression trajectories from the antenatal period through 54-months postpartum and associations with child body mass index at 54-months postpartum.
methodsThis study applied latent growth modeling to the Growing Up in New Zealand study, which is a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study that provides nationally representative-level data, to investigate associations between depression at three time points (antenatal, 9-months postpartum, 54-months postpartum) and child body mass index at 54-months (n=4897).
resultsThe average slope of depression for this sample is low and decreases over time. When child BMI was added to the model as an outcome variable, both antenatal depression (B=.25, p<.01), and the rate of change of depression across the perinatal and postpartum periods (B=.09, p<.01) were associated with child BMI at 54-months postpartum. After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, antenatal depression, but not the slope of depression, remained significantly associated with child BMI (B=.05, p<.05). When controlling for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI the effect of antenatal depression on child BMI at 54-months was entirely attenuated (χ
conclusionsOur findings align with the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease theory and imply that both the physical and mental health of mothers during pregnancy may be important indicators of child growth and development outcomes. Early intervention directed towards women who have even mild depression scores during pregnancy may promote healthy child development outcomes. Additionally, given the heterogeneity of depressive symptoms over time seen in this study, multiple assessment periods across the postpartum period may be valuable to adequately address and support maternal mental health.
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