SynthesisSleep medicine reviews2022
Sleep, cerebrospinal fluid, and the glymphatic system: A systematic review.
Synthesis in Sleep medicine reviews, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 163 citations in OpenAlex.
- DTI-ALPS index and cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Efficacy and safety of Kami Guibi-tang in older adults with insomnia and memory complaints: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Trial
- The sleep-deprived blood-brain barrier: Does the Brain's gatekeeper adapt or merely fail slowly?Neurobiology of sleep and circadian rhythms · 2026Review
- Glymphatic function in humans: indicators, modulators, and measurement strategies.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Harnessing Brain Age-Specific Effects on the Associations Between Sleep Quality, Glymphatic Function, and Cognition in Normal Ageing Adults: Insights for Gerotherapeutics.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Altered Neurofluid Dynamics Markers in Middle-Aged and Older Women With Insomnia: A Multiparametric MR Neuroimaging Study.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2026Article
- High frame ratebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Integrated Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Coordinated Gliovascular Remodeling Across Diffuse Glioma Grades.Cancers · 2026Article
- Modifiable Physiological Factors Associated With Human Glymphatic and Interstitial Fluid Dynamics-Related Measures: A Scoping Review.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Imaging study of white matter microstructural damage and glymphatic system dysfunction in patients with primary insomnia: a combined analysis based on PSMD, DTI-ALPS, and EPVS.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Clearance of intracranial debris by ultrasound reduces inflammation and improves outcomes in hemorrhagic stroke models.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- The glymphatic system in sleep: a nexus of waste clearance, brain homeostasis, and disease intervention.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Longitudinal Variability of Wearable-Derived Sleep and Heart Rate as a Digital Biomarker for Early Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment.Yonsei medical journal · 2026Article
- Physical exercise as a non-pharmacological strategy to enhance glymphatic function.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Coupling of within-person changes in sleep quality and subjective cognition in community-dwelling adults.Aging & mental health · 2026Article
- The cerebral neurovascular coupling and glymphatic circulation dysfunction in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Putative glymphatic dysfunction links extracellular fluid dysregulation to white matter degeneration and clinical impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Nighttime Systolic Blood Pressure, Neuroaxonal Injury, and Cognitive Impairment in Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Observational
- Glymphatic system impairment in primary angle-closure glaucoma: A cross-sectional study of disease severity.Medicine · 2026Article
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Current theories of the glymphatic system (GS) hypothesize that it relies on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation to disseminate growth factors and remove metabolic waste from the brain with increased CSF production and circulation during sleep; thereby, linking sleep disturbance with elements of CSF circulation and GS exchange. However, our growing knowledge of the relations between sleep, CSF, and the GS are plagued by variability in sleep and CSF measures across a wide array of pathologies. Hence, this review aims to summarize the dynamic relationships between sleep, CSF-, and GS-related features in samples of typically developing individuals and those with autoimmune/inflammatory, neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental, sleep-related, neurotraumatic, neuropsychiatric, and skull atypicalities. One hundred and ninety articles (total n = 19,129 participants) were identified and reviewed for pathology, CSF circulation and related metrics, GS function, and sleep. Numerous associations were documented between sleep problems and CSF metabolite concentrations (e.g., amyloid-beta, orexin, tau proteins) and increased CSF volumes or pressure. However, these relations were not universal, with marked differences across pathologies. It is clear that elements of CSF circulation/composition and GS exchange represent pathways influenced by sleep; however, carefully designed studies and advances in GS measurement are needed to delineate the nuanced relationships.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.