Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34902065›Full record

ReviewCurrent diabetes reports2021

Neighbourhood Walkability and Risk of Diabetes: Causal Relationship or Epidemiologic Association?

Jennifer Horwitz, Ravi Retnakaran

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current diabetes reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jennifer HorwitzLeadership Sinai Centre for Diabetes, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Ravi RetnakaranLeadership Sinai Centre for Diabetes, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada. ravi.retnakaran@sinaihealth.ca.ORCID 0000-0003-1989-027X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewWe aim to evaluate whether the current literature supports (i) a causal relationship between neighbourhood walkability and risk of diabetes or instead (ii) a strictly epidemiologic association. RECENT

findingsBoth cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have reported that neighbourhoods that are scored as having higher levels of walkability have lower rates of prevalent and incident diabetes, respectively. However, other studies have been inconclusive, with more nuanced findings suggesting that this association may be limited to particular demographic groups defined by age and socio-economics. Key factors limiting this literature include disparities in the measurement of walkability, the necessary reliance on observational study designs (recognizing the infeasibility of randomized controlled trials for addressing this question), and the difficulty of disentangling the potential concomitant effects of other components of the built environment. At this time, causality cannot be ascertained in the relationship between neighbourhood walkability and risk of diabetes.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusEnvironment DesignCross-Sectional StudiesHumansObservational Studies as TopicRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicResidence CharacteristicsWalkingBeta-cell functionBuilt environmentInsulin resistanceType 2 diabetesUrban designWalkability

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.