ArticleJB & JS open access
Association Between Serum Testosterone Levels and Cutibacterium Skin Load in Patients Undergoing Elective Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Cohort Study.
Article in JB & JS open access. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pre-operative injectable testosterone therapy is associated with increased five-year revision risk after total shoulder arthroplasty: a TriNetX database analysis.Journal of shoulder and elbow arthroplasty · 2026Article
- Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Posterior Lumbar Fusion Patients: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Long-Term Outcomes.Global spine journal · 2026Article
- Risk of complications after total hip arthroplasty in patients on testosterone replacement therapy.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2026Article
- Prescription testosterone is associated with increased risk of infection-related and all-cause reoperations after primary total shoulder arthroplasty in male patients.JSES international · 2026Article
- Perioperative testosterone therapy linked to higher 5-year risk of periprosthetic joint infection without increased 90-day major complications or revision rates in total shoulder arthroplasty.Shoulder & elbow · 2026Article
- Association of Testosterone Supplementation with the Risk of Infection following Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty.Hip & pelvis · 2025Article
- Geographical incidence of testosterone supplementation in total hip and knee arthroplasty.Journal of orthopaedics · 2025Article
- The shoulder microbiome: a systematic review and meta analysis.JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2024Review
- Preventing Infections in Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2024Review
- Effect of Supplemental Testosterone Use on Shoulder Arthroplasty Infection Rates.Seminars in arthroplasty · 2023Article
- Factors associated with failure of surgical revision and IV antibiotics to resolve Cutibacterium periprosthetic infection of the shoulder.International orthopaedics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cutibacterium periprosthetic joint infections are important complications of shoulder arthroplasty. Although it is known that these infections are more common among men and that they are more common in patients with high levels of Cutibacterium on the skin, the possible relationship between serum testosterone levels and skin Cutibacterium levels has not been investigated.
methodsIn 51 patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasties, total serum testosterone, free testosterone, and sex hormone binding globulin levels obtained in the clinic before the surgical procedure were compared with the levels of Cutibacterium on the skin in clinic, on the skin in the operating room prior to the surgical procedure, and on the dermal wound edge of the incised skin during the surgical procedure.
resultsClinic skin Cutibacterium loads were strongly associated with both clinic free testosterone levels (tau, 0.569; p < 0.001) and total serum testosterone levels (tau, 0.591; p < 0.001). The prepreparation skin and wound Cutibacterium levels at the time of the surgical procedure were also significantly associated with both the clinic total serum testosterone levels (p < 0.001) and the clinic free testosterone levels (p < 0.03). A multivariate analysis demonstrated that serum testosterone was an independent predictor of high skin Cutibacterium loads, even when age and sex were taken into account. Patients taking supplemental testosterone had higher free testosterone levels and tended to have higher skin Cutibacterium loads. Patients who underwent the ream-and-run procedure had higher total and free testosterone levels and higher skin Cutibacterium loads.
conclusionsTestosterone levels are predictive of skin Cutibacterium levels in patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty. This relationship deserves further investigation both as a risk stratification tool and as a potential area for intervention in reducing shoulder periprosthetic joint infection. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.