Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34901276›Full record

SynthesisBioMed research international2021

Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection and Its Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Temesgen Getaneh, Ayenew Negesse, Getenet Dessie, Melaku Desta, Agimasie Tigabu

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BioMed research international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06962644 (Association of Urinary Tract Infection With Preeclampsia During Pregnancy), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06962644 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Association of Urinary Tract Infection With Preeclampsia During Pregnancy

TypeobservationalSponsorPakistan Air Force (PAF) Hospital IslamabadRan2025 to 2025Enrolled160ConditionsUrinary Tract Infection (Diagnosis), PreeclampsiaArmsPreeclampsia developed
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistantIranian journal of microbiology · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Temesgen GetanehDepartment of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5645-0006
Ayenew NegesseDepartment of Human Nutrition and Food Science, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Getenet DessieDepartment of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Melaku DestaDepartment of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Agimasie TigabuDepartment of Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9085-9625
Debre Markos University · ETBahir Dar University · ETDebre Tabor University · ETHawassa University · ET

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveUrinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infections during pregnancy. It is associated with different maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes such as low birth weight, preterm birth, still birth, preeclampsia, maternal anemia, sepsis, and amnionitis, even when the infection is asymptomatic. However, in Ethiopia, it is represented with fragmented and inconclusive pocket studies. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis is aimed at estimating the pooled prevalence of UTI and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia.

methodsPubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and local sources were used to access eligible studies. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument was applied for critical appraisal. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated using

resultFrom all systematically searched articles, 14 studies were eligible for this analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of UTI among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 15.37% (95% CI: 12.54, 18.19). Family monthly income (OR = 3.8 and 95% CI: 1.29, 11.23), parity (OR = 1.59 and 95% CI: 1.01, 2.50), history of catheterization (OR = 2.76 and 95% CI: 1.31, 5.84), and history of UTI (OR = 3.12 and 95% CI: 1.74, 5.60) were factors significantly associated with UTI among pregnant women in Ethiopia.

conclusionThe overall pooled estimate of UTI among pregnant women in Ethiopia was higher compared with CDC estimation which was 8%. Family monthly income < 1000ETB, multipara, previous history of catheterization, and history of UTI were factors increased burden of UTI during pregnancy. So, strategies targeting in economic reforms, universal access of family planning, and standardized prenatal care service should be addressed to alleviate this high prevalence of UTI during pregnancy.

Indexed as

EthiopiaFemaleHumansPregnancyPregnant PeoplePrevalenceUrinary Tract Infections

Identifiers

PMID34901276
PMCPMC8654570
OpenAlexW3216345149

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.