Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34900845›Full record

ArticleJournal of diabetes and metabolic disorders2021

A comparison of FreeStyle Libre 2 to self-monitoring of blood glucose in children with type 1 diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control: a 12-week randomised controlled trial protocol.

Sara Styles, Ben Wheeler, Alisa Boucsein, Hamish Crocket, Michel de Lange, Dana Signal, Esko Wiltshire, Vicki Cunningham, Anita Lala, Wayne Cutfield and 3 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Use of Freestyle Libre 2.0 in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and elevated HbADiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025
    Trial
  2. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.

Sara StylesDepartment of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-8358-881X
Ben WheelerDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0003-3348-5238
Alisa BoucseinDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-6266-8802
Hamish CrocketHealth, Sport and Human Performance, School of Health, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Michel de LangeCentre for Biostatistics, Te Pokapū Tatauranga Koiora, Division of Health Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Dana SignalPaediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Starship Children's Health, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-5387-476X
Esko WiltshireDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Otago, Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-8962-2708
Vicki CunninghamNorthland District Health Board, Whangarei, New Zealand.
Anita LalaPaediatrics, Bay of Plenty District Health Board, Tauranga, New Zealand.
Wayne CutfieldPaediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Starship Children's Health, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0001-6107-3682
Martin de BockDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0003-0454-6679
Anna SerlachiusPsychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-4797-8351
Craig JefferiesPaediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Starship Children's Health, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-0541-6094
University of Auckland · NZUniversity of Otago · NZCanterbury District Health Board · NZCapital and Coast District Health Board · NZNorthland District Health Board · NZSouthern District Health Board · NZUniversity of Waikato · NZUrology Bay of Plenty · NZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeFrequent glucose monitoring is necessary for optimal glycaemic control. Second-generation intermittently scanned glucose monitoring (isCGM) systems inform users of out-of-target glucose levels and may reduce monitoring burden. We aim to compare FreeStyle Libre 2 (Abbott Diabetes Care, Witney, U.K.) to self-monitoring of blood glucose in children with type 1 diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control.

methodsThis open-label randomised controlled trial will enrol 100 children (4-13 years inclusive, diagnosis of type 1 diabetes ≥ 6 months, HbA1c 58-110 mmol/mol [7.5-12.2%]), from 5 New Zealand diabetes centres. Following 2 weeks of blinded sensor wear, children will be randomised 1:1 to control or intervention arms. The intervention (duration 12 weeks) includes second-generation isCGM (FreeStyle Libre 2) and education on using interstitial glucose data to manage diabetes. The control group will continue self-monitoring blood glucose. The primary outcome is the difference in glycaemic control (measured as HbA1c) between groups at 12 weeks. Pre-specified secondary outcomes include change in glucose monitoring frequency, glycaemic control metrics and psychosocial outcomes at 12 weeks as well as isCGM acceptability. DISCUSSION: This research will investigate the effectiveness of the second-generation isCGM to promote recommended glycaemic control. The results of this trial may have important implications for including this new technology in the management of children with type 1 diabetes.

trial registrationThis trial was prospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry on 19 February 2020 (ACTRN12620000190909p) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (Universal Trial Number U1111-1237-0090).

Indexed as

ChildrenFreeStyle Libre 2Glycaemic controlIntermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoringSelf-monitoring of blood glucoseType 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID34900845
PMCPMC8630241
OpenAlexW3204498834

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.