Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34900330›Full record

ArticleMicrosystems & nanoengineering2021

A microwell-based impedance sensor on an insertable microneedle for real-time in vivo cytokine detection.

Naixin Song, Pengfei Xie, Wen Shen, Hanju Oh, Yejia Zhang, Flavia Vitale, Mehdi Javanmard, Mark G Allen

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microsystems & nanoengineering, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. Wearable Electrochemical Biosensors for Advanced Healthcare Monitoring.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Naixin SongDepartment of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA.
Pengfei XieDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ USA.
Wen ShenDepartment of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA.
Hanju OhDepartment of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA.
Yejia ZhangDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA.
Flavia VitaleDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA.
Mehdi JavanmardDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ USA.
Mark G AllenDepartment of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3963-6359
University of Pennsylvania · USRutgers, The State University of New Jersey · USPhiladelphia VA Medical Center · US

Funding

Inhibition of TNF-alpha Signaling to Reduce Intervertebral Disc InflammationR21AR078386 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI ZHANG, YEJIA · 2021 to 2022
$383k
ADAM8 in Intervertebral Disc DegenerationR21AR071623 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI ZHANG, YEJIA · 2018 to 2019
$364k
NIAMS NIH HHS R21 AR071623NIAMS NIH HHS R21 AR078386
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Impedance-based protein detection sensors for point-of-care diagnostics require quantitative specificity, as well as rapid or real-time operation. Furthermore, microfabrication of these sensors can lead to the formation of factors suitable for in vivo operation. Herein, we present microfabricated needle-shaped microwell impedance sensors for rapid-sample-to-answer, label-free detection of cytokines, and other biomarkers. The microneedle form factor allows sensors to be utilized in transcutaneous or transvascular sensing applications. In vitro, experimental characterization confirmed sensor specificity and sensitivity to multiple proteins of interest. Mechanical characterization demonstrated sufficient microneedle robustness for transcutaneous insertion, as well as preserved sensor function postinsertion. We further utilized these sensors to carry out real-time in vivo quantification of human interleukin 8 (hIL8) concentration levels in the blood of transgenic mice that endogenously express hIL8. To assess sensor functionality, hIL8 concentration levels in serum samples from the same mice were quantified by ELISA. Excellent agreement between real-time in vivo sensor readings in blood and subsequent ELISA serum assays was observed over multiple transgenic mice expressing hIL8 concentrations from 62 pg/mL to 539 ng/mL.

Indexed as

BionanoelectronicsBiosensorsNanosensorsSensors

Identifiers

PMID34900330
PMCPMC8626445
OpenAlexW3215228480

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.