ArticleJournal of environmental health science & engineering2021
Monitoring of urinary arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) among a sample of pregnant Iranian women.
Article in Journal of environmental health science & engineering, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between urinary heavy metal concentrations, thyroid hormones, and birth outcomes among pregnant women in Isfahan City.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Monitoring of urinary nickel and chromium in metal industries workers in Alborz, Iran.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Determination of copper and cobalt in different tea samples at trace levels by FAAS after preconcentration with a novel iron PAMAM-OH-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticle as SPE sorbent.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2024Article
- Assessing the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks of metals in the drinking water of Isfahan, Iran.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Association between type of drinking water and upper gastrointestinal cancer incidence in the Linxian General Population.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Article
- The association between blood heavy metals level and sex hormones among postmenopausal women in the US.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Association between urinary phthalate levels and chronic pain in US adults, 1999-2004: A nationally representative survey.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeHeavy metals, as significant toxic environmental contaminants, can cause serious adverse health outcomes on the human body even in trace concentrations. There is limited evidence on heavy metal concentrations existing in the body fluids of pregnant women. This study aims to evaluate the urinary levels of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), as two main toxic heavy metals, among pregnant women and their lifestyle determinants.
methodsThe study was performed in 2019-2020 in Isfahan, Iran. A number of 140 urine samples of pregnant women who were in their first pregnancy trimester were examined. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was applied to analyze the urinary concentrations of As and Pb. Socio-demographic data including age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), education status, and family income, as well as the use of cleaning products (cosmetic and household cleaning products), and lifestyle habits (food intake, smoking, and physical activity) were collected using a validated questionnaire.
resultsThe mean concentration of As and Pb were 8.14 ± 10.8 and 9.6 ± 7.1 μg/g creatinine, respectively. The mean urinary concentration of Pb indicated significant differences in the levels of cosmetic usage, second-hand smoking exposure, and the use of Copper, Aluminum, Teflon, Steel, and Enameled utensils for cooking (p-value < 0.05). Furthermore, the mean of urinary Pb concentrations at high levels of physical activity and scratched utensils using was significantly different from the other categories (p-value = 0.02). No significant differences were found between As and Pb concentration with other socio-demographic factors.
conclusionThe lifestyle determinants and cosmetic products use are important predictors of urinary heavy metals in pregnant women, rather than sociodemographic characteristics. Additional research is necessary to determine long-term adverse birth outcomes of exposure to these heavy metals.
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