Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34899260›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in synaptic neuroscience2021

Genetic Code Expansion and Click-Chemistry Labeling to Visualize GABA-A Receptors by Super-Resolution Microscopy.

Alexander Kuhlemann, Gerti Beliu, Dieter Janzen, Enrica Maria Petrini, Danush Taban, Dominic A Helmerich, Sören Doose, Martina Bruno, Andrea Barberis, Carmen Villmann and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Bioorthogonal Chemistry in Neurobiology: From Imaging to Proteomics.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026
    Review
  2. Cryosectioning-enhanced super-resolution microscopy for single-protein imaging across cells and tissues.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Bioorthogonal Reactions in Bioimaging.Topics in current chemistry (Cham) · 2024
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Alexander KuhlemannDepartment of Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Würzburg, Germany.
Gerti BeliuDepartment of Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Würzburg, Germany.
Dieter JanzenInstitute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Enrica Maria PetriniNeuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
Danush TabanDepartment of Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Würzburg, Germany.
Dominic A HelmerichDepartment of Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Würzburg, Germany.
Sören DooseDepartment of Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Würzburg, Germany.
Martina BrunoNeuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
Andrea BarberisNeuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
Carmen VillmannInstitute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Markus SauerDepartment of Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Würzburg, Germany.
Christian WernerDepartment of Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter, Würzburg, Germany.
University of Würzburg · DEItalian Institute of Technology · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fluorescence labeling of difficult to access protein sites, e.g., in confined compartments, requires small fluorescent labels that can be covalently tethered at well-defined positions with high efficiency. Here, we report site-specific labeling of the extracellular domain of γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA-A) receptor subunits by genetic code expansion (GCE) with unnatural amino acids (ncAA) combined with bioorthogonal click-chemistry labeling with tetrazine dyes in HEK-293-T cells and primary cultured neurons. After optimization of GABA-A receptor expression and labeling efficiency, most effective variants were selected for super-resolution microscopy and functionality testing by whole-cell patch clamp. Our results show that GCE with ncAA and bioorthogonal click labeling with small tetrazine dyes represents a versatile method for highly efficient site-specific fluorescence labeling of proteins in a crowded environment, e.g., extracellular protein domains in confined compartments such as the synaptic cleft.

Indexed as

click-chemistrydSTORMGABA-A receptorgenetic code expansionsuper-resolution microscopy (SRM)

Identifiers

PMID34899260
PMCPMC8664562
OpenAlexW3217761698

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.