ArticleStructure (London, England : 1993)2022
Llamanade: An open-source computational pipeline for robust nanobody humanization.
Article in Structure (London, England : 1993), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multivalent nanobodies for potent and broad neutralization of Staphylococcus aureus toxins.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Multispecific nanobody degraders co-deplete membrane receptors and enable targeted delivery of diverse payloads.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Enhancing red blood cell compatibility: in vitro hemagglutination prevention using a trispecific triabody as a blocking fragment for blood group antigens.Journal of biological engineering · 2026Article
- Characterising nanobody developability to improve therapeutic design using the Therapeutic Nanobody Profiler.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Nanobodies as tools for studying human frataxin biology.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Targeting angiogenesis: advances in the design and engineered applications of nanobodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Review
- NanoDeNovo: De Novo Design of Anti-Poliovirus I Sabin Strain Nanobodies by Semi-Automated Computational Pipeline.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Computational Prediction of Single-Domain Immunoglobulin Aggregation Propensities Facilitates Discovery and Humanization of Recombinant Nanobodies.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Nanobodies: From Discovery to AI-Driven Design.Biology · 2025Review
- A synthetic heavy chain variable domain antibody library (VHL) provides highly functional antibodies with favorable developability.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- Generation of Site-Specifically Labeled Affinity Reagents via Use of a Self-Labeling Single Domain Antibody.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Nanobodies: From High-Throughput Identification to Therapeutic Development.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2024Review
- On the humanization of VHHs: Prospective case studies, experimental and computational characterization of structural determinants for functionality.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2024Article
- Single-Domain Antibodies-Novel Tools to Study and Treat Allergies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- PROSCA: an online platform for humanized scaffold mining facilitating rational protein engineering.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- nanoBERT: a deep learning model for gene agnostic navigation of the nanobody mutational space.Bioinformatics advances · 2024Article
- Prospects for the computational humanization of antibodies and nanobodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Evaluation of the Potential Impact of In Silico Humanization on VInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Nanobodies (Nbs) have emerged as a promising class of biologics. Despite having marked physicochemical properties, Nbs are derived from camelids and may require humanization to improve translational potentials. By systematically analyzing the sequence and structural properties of Nbs, we found substantial framework diversities and revealed the key differences between Nbs and human immunoglobulin G antibodies. We identified conserved residues that may contribute to enhanced solubility, structural stability, and antigen binding, providing insights into Nb humanization. Based on big data analysis, we developed "Llamanade," an open-source software to facilitate rational humanization of Nbs. Using sequence as input, Llamanade can rapidly extract sequence features, model structures, and optimize solutions to humanize Nbs. Finally, we used Llamanade to successfully humanize a cohort of structurally diverse and potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing Nbs. Llamanade is freely available and will be easily accessible on a server to support the development of therapeutic Nbs into safe and effective trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.