ReviewCurrent pain and headache reports2021
Updates in the Diagnostic Approach of Headache.
Review in Current pain and headache reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers in headaches as a potential solution to simplify differential diagnosis of primary headache disorders: a systematic review.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of primary headaches on disability outcomes: a literature review and meta-analysis to inform future iterations of the Global Burden of Disease study.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Pooled it
- Diagnostic Value of Neurofilament Light Chain and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Differentiating Primary From Serious Secondary Headache.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Geriatric Migraine, Geroscience, and Sustainable Development Goals: Bridging Clinical Complexity and Public Health Priorities.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- "Code Headache": Development of a protocol for optimizing headache management in the emergency room.European journal of neurology · 2024Review
- Article
- Chinese medicine for headaches in emergency department: a retrospective analysis of real-world electronic medical records.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Review
- Barriers and gaps in headache education: a national cross-sectional survey of neurology residents in Denmark.BMC medical education · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewIn this review, we summarize updates in the diagnostic approach of headaches with the aim of facilitating the distinction between primary and secondary etiology in headaches. RECENT
findingsIn the USA, headache is the fifth most common complaint in the emergency department, but only a minority will have a secondary etiology. Initial suspicion and diagnostic workup of secondary headache relies on a patient's medical history due to a scarcity of validated biomarkers. A special interest group under the International Headache Society recently synthesized information on red flags (information that indicates a secondary etiology) and green flags (information that indicates a primary etiology). A systematic diagnostic approach using red flags and green flags can help reduce unnecessary testing and shift attention to patient care. Going forward, further validation of these concepts is needed to properly introduce them for clinical use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.