ArticleCell death discovery2021
Enhanced apoptosis as a possible mechanism to self-limit SARS-CoV-2 replication in porcine primary respiratory epithelial cells in contrast to human cells.
Article in Cell death discovery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- The NSP5, ORF6 and NSP13 of SARS-CoV-2 Cooperate to Modulate Inflammatory Cell Death Activation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a drives dynamic dense body formation for optimal viral infectivity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- How do deer respiratory epithelial cells weather the initial storm of SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 strain?Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- The role of receptors in the cross-species spread of coronaviruses infecting humans and pigs.Archives of virology · 2024Review
- Analysis of RBD-ACE2 interactions in livestock species as a factor in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 among animals.Veterinary and animal science · 2023Article
- Serosurveillance for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibody in Feral Swine and White-Tailed Deer in Texas.Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Is More Efficient than HCoV-NL63 in Infecting a Small Subpopulation of ACE2+ Human Respiratory Epithelial Cells.Viruses · 2023Article
- In Vitro Stimulation with Live SARS-CoV-2 Suggests Th17 Dominance In Virus-Specific CD4+ T Cell Response after COVID-19.Vaccines · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 does not infect pigs, but this has to be verified regularly.Xenotransplantation · 2022Review
- Cell deaths: Involvement in the pathogenesis and intervention therapy of COVID-19.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection Dysregulates Cilia and Basal Cell Homeostasis in the Respiratory Epithelium of Hamsters.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Choosing a cellular model to study SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ability of SARS-CoV to infect different species, including humans, dogs, cats, minks, ferrets, hamsters, tigers, and deer, pose a continuous threat to human and animal health. Pigs, though closely related to humans, seem to be less susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. Former in vivo studies failed to demonstrate clinical signs and transmission between pigs, while later attempts using a higher infectious dose reported viral shedding and seroconversion. This study investigated species-specific cell susceptibility, virus dose-dependent infectivity, and infection kinetics, using primary human (HRECs) and porcine (PRECs) respiratory epithelial cells. Despite higher ACE2 expression in HRECs compared to PRECs, SARS-CoV-2 infected, and replicated in both PRECs and HRECs in a dose-dependent manner. Cytopathic effect was particularly more evident in PRECs than HRECs, showing the hallmark morphological signs of apoptosis. Further analysis confirmed an early and enhanced apoptotic mechanism driven through caspase 3/7 activation, limiting SARS-CoV-2 propagation in PRECs compared to HRECs. Our findings shed light on a possible mechanism of resistance of pigs to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and it may hold therapeutic value for the treatment of COVID-19.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.