ArticleBMC public health2021
"Deadly", "fierce", "shameful": notions of antiretroviral therapy, stigma and masculinities intersecting men's life-course in Blantyre, Malawi.
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Understanding the Stigma Experience of Men Living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Qualitative Meta-synthesis.AIDS and behavior · 2024Pooled it
- Sexual desire and associated factors among older adults living with HIV: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Intersectional HIV stigma in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean: Insights and pathways forward - A scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Developing a male-specific counselling curriculum for HIV treatment in Malawi.Gates open research · 2025Article
- Article
- Stigma and discrimination faced by adolescents living with HIV and experiencing depression in Malawi.BMC global and public health · 2024Article
- Understanding the Unique Barriers and Facilitators that Affect Men's Initiation and Retention in HIV Care: A Qualitative Study to Inform Interventions for Men Across the Treatment Cascade in Malawi.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Article
- Cultural Repertoires and Situated Selections as an Alternative Framework to Hegemonic Masculinities: Findings From Eswatini.American journal of men's healthArticle
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStigma and masculinity represent persistent barriers in delivering successful HIV interventions to men. Our study examined community perceptions of HIV and anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and their implications for men on ART across the life course in Blantyre, Malawi.
methodsOur qualitative study is based on 72 face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Participants were selected purposively and included men on ART (with suppressed and unsuppressed viral loads), adult male community members irrespective of HIV status and other HIV stakeholders such as health personnel and program implementers. Interviews were conducted in Chichewa and English, transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically in NVivo 12. We applied the socio-ecological model as our theoretical framework as well as a "life-course" perspective.
resultsOur findings highlight lingering negative perceptions towards ART in general and towards PLHIV irrespective of viral load suppression. With intersecting notions of masculinity and stigma, men's descriptions of anticipated stigma in their relationships and when visiting health facilities dominated. Stigma was experienced at the personal, interpersonal, facility and community level. Yet, men living with HIV were perceived differently throughout the life-course, with young sexually active men seen as the most stigmatized group and older men seen as drawing resilience from a greater range of masculine norms. Some men of all ages displayed "transformative" masculinities independent of stigma and community expectations.
conclusionsWe propose the "life-course" as a useful concept for studies on masculinity, HIV and stigma. Considering gendered constructions of "respectable" midlife-older age vis-à-vis younger age, and how they influence stigma as well as uptake and adherence to ART might lead to more targeted services for men that build on "transformative masculinities".
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