Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34893037›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2021

Catastrophic health expenditure and its determinants in households with lung cancer patients in China: a retrospective cohort study.

Cheng-Yao Sun, Ju-Fang Shi, Wen-Qi Fu, Xin Zhang, Guo-Xiang Liu, Wan-Qing Chen, Jie He

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
8.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
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  4. Constructing the scale to measure financial toxicity in cancer patients for Low-middle income countries (FT-LM) by using the modified Delphi method.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
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  14. Influence of age on financial toxicity in cancer patients.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Cheng-Yao SunDepartment of Health Economics, College of Health Management of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
Ju-Fang ShiOffice of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center / National Clinical Research Center for Cancer / Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Wen-Qi FuDepartment of Health Economics, College of Health Management of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
Xin ZhangDepartment of Health Economics, College of Health Management of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
Guo-Xiang LiuDepartment of Health Economics, College of Health Management of Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, People's Republic of China. lgx6301@163.com.
Wan-Qing ChenOffice of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center / National Clinical Research Center for Cancer / Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China. chenwq@cicams.ac.cn.
Jie HeNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. hejie@cicams.ac.cn.
Harbin Medical University · CNChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNumerous studies have examined catastrophic health expenditures (CHE) worldwide, mostly focusing on general or common chronic populations, rather than particularly vulnerable groups. This study assessed the medical expenditure and compensation of lung cancer, and explored the extent and influencing factors of CHE among households with lung cancer patients in China.

methodsDuring 2018-2019, a hospital-based multicenter retrospective survey was conducted in seven provinces/municipalities across China as a part of the Cancer Screening Program of Urban China. CHE was measured according to the proportion of out-of-pocket (OOP) health payments of households on non-food expenditures. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis was adjusted to determine the factors that significantly influenced the likelihood of a household with lung cancer patient to incur in CHE.

resultsIn total, 470 households with lung cancer patients were included in the analysis. Health insurance was shown to protect some households from the impact of CHE. Nonetheless, CHE incidence (78.1%) and intensity (14.02% for average distance and 22.56% for relative distance) were still relatively high among households with lung cancer patients. The incidence was lower in households covered by the Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEMBI) insurance, with higher income level and shorter disease course.

conclusionMore attention is needed for CHE incidence among vulnerable populations in China. Households with lung cancer patients were shown to be more likely to develop CHE. Therefore, policy makers should focus on improving the financial protection and reducing the economic burden of this disease.

Indexed as

Insurance, HealthLung NeoplasmsChinaFemaleHealth ExpendituresHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSocioeconomic FactorsCatastrophic health expendituresChinaInsuranceLung cancer

Identifiers

PMID34893037
PMCPMC8665572
OpenAlexW4200150488

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.