Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34891473›Full record

ArticleAnnual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference2021

Multi-Detector Heart Rate Extraction Method for Transabdominal Fetal Pulse Oximetry

Begum Kasap, Kourosh Vali, Weitai Qian, Wai Ho Chak, Ata Vafi, Naoki Saito, Soheil Ghiasi

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In one paragraph

Article in Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. PSAFE: Extraction of Faint Fetal PPG from Non-Invasively Acquired Mixed PPG Signals.... International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks. International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. BASS: Safe Deep Tissue Optical Sensing for Wearable Embedded Systems.ACM transactions on embedded computing systems : TECS · 2023
    Article
  5. KUBAI: Sensor Fusion for Non-Invasive Fetal Heart Rate Tracking.IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2023
    Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Begum Kasap
Kourosh Vali
Weitai Qian
Wai Ho Chak
Ata Vafi
Naoki Saito
Soheil Ghiasi
University of California, Davis · US

Funding

Validation of Transabdominal Fetal Pulse Oximetry in Hypoxic Fetal Lamb ModelsR21HD097467 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI FARMER, DIANA LEE, GHIASI, SOHEIL · 2020 to 2021
$413k
NICHD NIH HHS R21 HD097467
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intrapartum fetal well-being assessment relies on fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring. Studies have shown that FHR monitoring has a high false-positive rate for detecting fetal hypoxia during labor and delivery. A transabdominal fetal pulse oximeter device that measures fetal oxygen saturation non-invasively through NIR light source and photodetectors could increase the accuracy of hypoxia detection. As light travels through both maternal and fetal tissue, photodetectors on the surface of mother's abdomen capture mixed signals comprising fetal and maternal information. The fetal information should be extracted first to enable fetal oxygen saturation calculation. A multi-detector fetal signal extraction method is presented in this paper where adaptive noise cancellation is applied to four mixed signals captured by four separate photodetectors placed at varying distances from the light source. As a result of adaptive noise cancellation, we obtain four separate FHR by peak detection. Weighting, outlier rejection and averaging are applied to these four fetal heart rates and a mean FHR is reported. The method is evaluated in utero on data collected from hypoxic lamb model. Ground truth for FHR is measured through hemodynamics. The results showed that using multi-detector fetal signal extraction gave up to 18.56% lower root-mean-square FHR error, and up to 57.87% lower maximum absolute FHR error compared to single-detector fetal signal extraction.

Indexed as

Heart Rate, FetalOximetryAnimalsFemaleFetal HypoxiaOxygenOxygen SaturationPregnancySheepOxygen

Identifiers

PMID34891473
PMCPMC10631454
OpenAlexW4200034259

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.