ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2022
Effect of Oral Streptococci Expressing Pneumococcus-like Cross-Reactive Capsule Types on World Health Organization Recommended Pneumococcal Carriage Detection Procedure.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Persistence of Vaccine Serotype Carriage and Differences in Pneumococcal Carriage by Laboratory Method and Sample Type in Indigenous Individuals in the Southwest United States.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Update on the evolving landscape of pneumococcal capsule types: new discoveries and way forward.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Re-evaluation of boundaries ofInternational journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology · 2025Article
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- Value of pneumococcal PCR in respiratory samples for exclusion of pneumococcal pneumonia.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2023Article
- High Levels of Detection of Nonpneumococcal Species of Streptococcus in Saliva from Adults in the United States.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
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- World Health Organization (WHO) Standard Methods for Pneumococcal Carriage Studies.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- It Takes Two to Tango: Combining Conventional Culture With Molecular Diagnostics Enhances Accuracy ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
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5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundCarriage studies are fundamental to assessing the effects of pneumococcal vaccines. Because a large proportion of oral streptococci carry homologues of pneumococcal genes, non-culture-based detection and serotyping of upper respiratory tract (URT) samples can be problematic. In the current study, we investigated whether culture-free molecular methods could differentiate pneumococci from oral streptococci carried by adults in the URT.
methodsPaired nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) samples were collected from 100 older adults twice a month for 1 year. Extracts from the combined NP + OP samples (n = 2400) were subjected to lytA real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Positive samples were subjected to pure culture isolation, followed by species confirmation using multiple approaches. Multibead assays and whole-genome sequencing were used for serotyping.
resultsIn 20 of 301 combined NP + OP extracts with positive lytA PCR results, probable pneumococcus-like colonies grew, based on colony morphology and biochemical tests. Multiple approaches confirmed that 4 isolates were Streptococcus pneumoniae, 3 were Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae, 12 were Streptococcus mitis, and 1 were Streptococcus oralis. Eight nonpneumococcal strains carried pneumococcus-like cps loci (approximate size, 18-25 kb) that showed >70% nucleotide identity with their pneumococcal counterparts. While investigating the antigenic profile, we found that some S. mitis strains (P066 and P107) reacted with both serotype-specific polyclonal (type 39 and FS17b) and monoclonal (Hyp10AG1 and Hyp17FM1) antisera, whereas some strains (P063 and P074) reacted only with polyclonal antisera (type 5 and FS35a).
conclusionThe extensive capsular overlap suggests that pneumococcal vaccines could reduce carriage of oral streptococci expressing cross-reactive capsules. Furthermore, direct use of culture-free PCR-based methods in URT samples has limited usefulness for carriage studies.
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