ArticleJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2022
Diagnostic stability in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: insights from a longitudinal follow-up study.
Article in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Secondary effects of dialectical behaviour therapy on social functioning, quality of life, and autism traits in autistic adults with suicidality.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2025Trial
- Beyond Food Selectivity: Feeding Problems, Nutritional Status, and Parental Quality of Life in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Clinical Features in Children With Loss of Autism Diagnosis and Persistent Autism: A Comparative Study.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- System-Specific Epigenetic Aging Signatures in Autistic Adults.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Social Functioning Profiles in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in China: A Preliminary Identification of Subtypes.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Limited Discrepancy Between Cognitive Ability and Daily Living Skills in Autism: A Longitudinal Study From Ages 2-25.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- Relative strengths in daily living skills among autistic individuals and individuals with related developmental conditions who have co-occurring intellectual disability.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Machine learning-based prediction of intellectual disability in children with autism spectrum disorder: using behavioral observation techniques.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Developmental and Psychiatric Conditions Among 5-7 Year Old Children with Non-persistent and Persistent Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Integration of specialized residential interventions with community-based services for autistic adults with severe challenging behaviors: preliminary evidence from the Piedmont model.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Short-term and Long-term Stability of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2) Calibrated Comparison Scores (CCS) and Classification Scores in Youth with Down Syndrome or Fragile X Syndrome with Intellectual Disability.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Long-Term Outcomes of Early Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening: Prevalence and Diagnostic Stability in a Decade-Long Cohort from Türkiye.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children: Results from a Prospective Open-Label Controlled Observational Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Observational
- Cognitive Development in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Moderating Role of Intervention and ASD Persistence.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The LEADING guideline: Reporting standards for expert panel, best-estimate diagnosis, and longitudinal expert all data (LEAD) methods.Comprehensive psychiatry · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Social Communication Questionnaire in Rural Kenya.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Trajectories of autism symptom severity for boys and girls across childhood.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2025Article
- Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Children Who Lose the Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis.Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- The diagnostic conundrum of late-onset developmental regression in child psychiatry: case series.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- A Normative Model Representing Autistic Individuals Amidst Autism Spectrum Phenotypic Heterogeneity.Brain sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis longitudinal study of autism symptom trajectories provides unique information that can characterize autism features and diagnostic patterns from childhood to adulthood.
methodsParticipants (n = 155) were part of a longitudinal cohort referred for possible autism where in-person assessments were completed at ages 2, 3, 5, 9, 19, and 25. Assessors were blinded to previous diagnoses. Based on adult best estimate diagnoses, participants were categorized into one of the four groups: Retained ASD, Lost ASD, Never Had ASD, or Gained ASD Diagnosis. To examine developmental changes in autism symptoms, mixed models indicated the rate of change in ADOS CSS and ADI-R scores in each diagnostic group.
resultsA subset of participants with VIQ> and <70 were assigned a diagnosis in adulthood that differed from diagnoses earlier in development. Across cognitive levels, the majority of novel diagnoses emerged in adulthood. For those with VIQ > 70, improvements in ADOS CSS over time for the Lost Diagnosis group and worsening in CSS in the Gained Diagnosis group were gradual. Individuals with VIQ > 70 who lost a diagnosis even in adulthood could be distinguished on CSS and ADI-R scores by age 5 from those who retained their ASD diagnosis. Although most participants with VIQ < 70 saw decreases in autistic symptoms as a whole, changes in autism diagnoses were confounded by disentangling profound intellectual disability as a differential diagnosis or co-occurrence. Only the Never Had Diagnosis group revealed significant changes in ADOS scores over time, with autism symptoms increasing.
conclusionsAssociated with gradual changes in core features of autism beginning in childhood, diagnoses of autism can shift across development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.