ReviewCJC open2021
The Effect of Testosterone on Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Men: A Review of Clinical and Preclinical Data.
Review in CJC open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of Early Risk Factors Associated with Cerebrovascular Diseases.Current neurovascular research · 2026Pooled it
- Sex hormones and the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in male and female patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Physiological reports · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D Supplementation Associated With Alterations in Lipid Metabolism in Children With Glomerular Disease.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Performance-Enhancing Drug-Associated Myocarditis in a Young Athlete: From Cardiogenic Shock to Clearance.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Association Between Serum Testosterone Levels and Coronary Artery Stenosis: A Cross-Sectional Study in Central European Population.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Branched chain amino acid sufficiency is necessary for proper luteinizing hormone response and testosterone synthesis.Reproductive biology · 2026Article
- Sarcopenia in Aging: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Emerging Therapeutic Frontiers.Molecular imaging and biology · 2026Review
- Understanding the Secular Decline in Testosterone: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Clinical Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Lipoprotein(a): structural basis, bidirectional risk, and therapeutic frontiers.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2026Article
- Gender predictors of adverse health.Journal of health psychology · 2026Article
- Sleep disruption from inhalation of biomass smoke: a basis for coincident hypertension?Particle and fibre toxicology · 2025Article
- Thalassemia-Associated mixed hypogonadism (TAMH): unraveling a unique endocrine pattern and its impact on cardiovascular risk.Endocrine · 2025Observational
- When the Heart Hurts the Kidneys: From Flow to Translational Future.Seminars in nephrology · 2025Review
- Trends in Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease From 1999 to 2020: A Retrospective Study in the United States.Clinical cardiology · 2025Article
- Facial Appearance and Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Healthy Adult Men.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Age and sex differences in blood pressure regulation: A focus on the vascular baroreflex limb.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Association between Low Serum Testosterone Levels and All-cause Mortality in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: A Study Based on the NHANES Database.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Article
- Sex Chromosomes and Sex Hormones: Dissecting the Forces That Differentiate Female and Male Hearts.Circulation · 2025Review
- L-Arginine and Nitric Oxide in Vascular Regulation-Experimental Findings in the Context of Blood Donation.Nutrients · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The effects of testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, on cardiovascular risk have been of special interest due to the increased risk of CVD in men. Although it is well established that testosterone levels decline and cardiovascular mortality increases with age, the association between testosterone and CVD remains unclear. Observational and randomized studies on the effects of endogenous and exogenous testosterone have produced conflicting data, and meta-analyses have been inconclusive, suggesting significant study heterogeneity. Despite a lack of adequately powered randomized controlled trials, large observational studies in the early 2010s led to advisories on the use of testosterone replacement therapy. Similar advisories have been mandated for certain types of androgen deprivation therapy. Additional research suggests that testosterone shortens the heart-rate-corrected QT interval, improves glycemic control, induces vasodilation, is prothrombotic, and has anti-obesity effects, whereas associations with atherosclerosis and inflammation are less clear. Despite inconclusive evidence on cardiovascular risk and inconsistencies among clinical practice guidelines, millions of men continue to use testosterone replacement and androgen deprivation therapy. In addition to summarizing clinical and preclinical data, this review provides insight on potential mechanisms of action of testosterone on CVD, applications of this knowledge to clinical settings, and avenues for future research.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.