Trial reportNature medicine2021
A phase 1/2 trial of an immune-modulatory vaccine against IDO/PD-L1 in combination with nivolumab in metastatic melanoma.
Trial report in Nature medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 142 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Combination Therapy With Nivolumab and PD-L1/IDO Peptide Vaccine to Patients With Metastatic Melanoma
A Phase II Study of IO102/IO103 and Nivolumab-relatlimab Fixed Dose Combination in Untreated, Unresectable Stage III/IV Melanoma
Who cites it
142 citing papers in PubMed, 199 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intratumoral Sotigalimab with Pembrolizumab Induces Rapid Activation of Antigen-Presenting Cells and Drives Antitumor Responses in Non-injected Tumors in Metastatic Melanoma: A Phase I/II Study.Cancer discovery · 2026Trial
- Immunostimulatory and Immunodynamic Modeling Analysis to Determine a Plausible Starting Dose of mRNA-4359 for Use in First-In-Human Trials.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Translational investigations in the HN1901 phase II window-of-opportunity study investigating the biological activity of an IDO1 (IO102) and PD-L1 (IO103) immune-modulatory peptide cancer vaccines in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Trial
- UCPVax, a CD4 helper peptide vaccine, induces polyfunctional Th1 cells, antibody response, and epitope spreading to improve antitumor immunity.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- Pre-existing TGF-β-specific T-cell immunity in patients with pancreatic cancer predicts survival after checkpoint inhibitors combined with radiotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Trial
- Phase I/II clinical trial of a helper peptide vaccine plus PD-1 blockade in PD-1 antibody-naïve and PD-1 antibody-experienced patients with melanoma (MEL64).Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Trial
- Non-Invasive Transdermal Delivery of miR-30a-5p via MUC1-Aptamer-Guided Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructures for Gene Silencing in Cutaneous Melanoma.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Review
- Engineering T cells with a novel PD-L1-specific TCR targeting immune and cancer cells.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Engineering Osteoimmune Responses with Functionalized Orthopedic Implants for Post-Operative Osteosarcoma Treatment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Advances in Cancer Immunotherapy for Solid Tumors.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Immune modulatory vaccines targeting tumor microenvironment antigens: recent advances in oncology and beyond.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Precise regulation of cancer vaccine and immune checkpoint inhibitor synergy potentiates immunotherapy with reduced immune-related pneumonitis.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Strategies to target PD-1/PD-L1 in the tumor microenvironment.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Clinical development of cancer vaccines.Nature medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Vaccination-enabled immune readiness for checkpoint blockade.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Thymosin α1 combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors: synergistic remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment to enhance clinical efficacy and safety.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Vaccines as treatment for melanoma: an update review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- After a Decade of Therapy Revolution in Cutaneous Melanoma-Perspectives on Emerging Treatment Strategies.Oncology research · 2026Review
82 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anti-programmed death (PD)-1 (aPD1) therapy is an effective treatment for metastatic melanoma (MM); however, over 50% of patients progress due to resistance. We tested a first-in-class immune-modulatory vaccine (IO102/IO103) against indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and PD ligand 1 (PD-L1), targeting immunosuppressive cells and tumor cells expressing IDO and/or PD-L1 (IDO/PD-L1), combined with nivolumab. Thirty aPD1 therapy-naive patients with MM were treated in a phase 1/2 study ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ , NCT03047928). The primary endpoint was feasibility and safety; the systemic toxicity profile was comparable to that of nivolumab monotherapy. Secondary endpoints were efficacy and immunogenicity; an objective response rate (ORR) of 80% (confidence interval (CI), 62.7-90.5%) was reached, with 43% (CI, 27.4-60.8%) complete responses. After a median follow-up of 22.9 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 26 months (CI, 15.4-69 months). Median overall survival (OS) was not reached. Vaccine-specific responses assessed in vitro were detected in the blood of >93% of patients during vaccination. Vaccine-reactive T cells comprised CD4
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.