Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34887462›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

The prevalence of unintended pregnancy and its association with HIV status among pregnant women in South Africa, a national antenatal survey, 2019.

Selamawit Woldesenbet, Tendesayi Kufa, Carl Lombard, Samuel Manda, Diane Morof, Mireille Cheyip, Kassahun Ayalew, Adrian Puren

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
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  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Barriers to Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Children in Ekurhuleni, South Africa: A Descriptive Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Intimate partner violence among pregnant women in Limpopo Province, South Africa.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Correlates of unintended pregnancies among HIV+ women.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025
    Article
  13. Factors influencing late antenatal booking in Tshwane District: Pregnant women's perceptions.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Contraceptive use and counselling in women with mental illness: KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2025
    Article
  18. Observational
  19. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Selamawit WoldesenbetCenter for HIV and STI, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, 1 Modderfontein road, Sandringham, Johannesburg, 2192, South Africa. selamawitw@nicd.ac.za.
Tendesayi KufaCenter for HIV and STI, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, 1 Modderfontein road, Sandringham, Johannesburg, 2192, South Africa.
Carl LombardBiostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
Samuel MandaBiostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa.
Diane MorofAssociate Director for Science, Division of Global HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pretoria, South Africa.
Mireille CheyipDivision of Global HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pretoria, South Africa.
Kassahun AyalewDivision of Global HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pretoria, South Africa.
Adrian PurenCenter for HIV and STI, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, 1 Modderfontein road, Sandringham, Johannesburg, 2192, South Africa.
University of the Witwatersrand · ZANational Institute for Communicable DiseasesSouth African Medical Research Council · ZAUnited States Public Health Service Commissioned Officers Association · USUniversity of Pretoria · ZA

Funding

CGH CDC HHS U2G GH001631PEPFAR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To describe the prevalence of unintended pregnancy and its association with HIV status among pregnant women in South Africa. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between October and mid-November 2019 among pregnant women aged 15-49 years in 1589 selected public antenatal care facilities. Pregnancy intention was assessed using two questions from the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy. Survey logistic regression examined factors associated with unintended pregnancy. Among 34,946 participants, 51.6% had an unintended pregnancy. On multivariable analysis, the odds of unintended pregnancy was higher among women who knew their HIV-positive status before pregnancy but initiated treatment after the first antenatal visit (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.5 [95% confidence interval (CI):1.2-1.8]), women who initiated treatment before pregnancy (aOR, 1.3 [95% CI:1.2-1.3]), and women with a new HIV diagnosis during pregnancy (aOR, 1.2 [95% CI:1.1-1.3]) compared to HIV-negative women. Women who were single, in a non-cohabiting or a cohabiting relationship, and young women (15-24 years) had significantly higher risk of unintended pregnancy compared to married women and women aged 30-49 years, respectively. A comprehensive approach, including regular assessment of HIV clients' pregnancy intention, and adolescent and youth-friendly reproductive health services could help prevent unintended pregnancy.

Indexed as

Pregnancy, UnplannedAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMiddle AgedPregnancyPregnancy Complications, InfectiousPregnant PeoplePrenatal CarePrevalencePublic Health SurveillanceSouth AfricaYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID34887462
PMCPMC8660789
OpenAlexW4200068302

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.