ReviewCancers2021
Tumor Microenvironment Features and Chemoresistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Insights into Targeting Physicochemical Barriers and Metabolism as Therapeutic Approaches.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Advancing precision immunotherapy in advanced pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of first-line ICI-based combinations.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Development and validation of a nomogram based on three-dimensional quantitative parameters from dual-layer detector spectral computed tomography for predicting treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Desmoplasia and therapeutic resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Cancer letters · 2026Review
- Acidosis Drives Vasculogenic Mimicry in PDAC CSCs via Na+/H+ Exchanger Isoform 1 (NHE1) and Calcium Entry.Cells · 2026Article
- Effects of Proglumide with Chemotherapy on the Pancreatic Tumor Microenvironment: Phase 1 PROGEM Trial.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Comparative Proteomic Profiling of Responses to Standard Systemic Treatment Regimens in Pancreatic Cancer.Cells · 2026Article
- Improving Laboratory-Based Cancer Drug Discovery Study Designs for Better Research Translations.Methods and protocols · 2026Review
- Mapping fibrosis in colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) with gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI: prognostic implications and imaging biomarkers.International journal of colorectal disease · 2026Article
- A review of autophagy in the pancreas: normal physiology and pathophysiology.Autophagy reports · 2026Review
- DNA methylation-mediated ADA overexpression drives pancreatic cancer progression.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Tumor microenvironment phenotyping guides precision therapy in unresectable pancreatic cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Review
- Article
- Impact of Long-Term Chemotherapy on Outcomes in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Real-World UK Multi-Centre Study.Cancers · 2025Article
- Article
- Novel Amanitin-Based Antibody-Drug Conjugates Targeting TROP2 for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2025Article
- Melanophilin-induced primary cilia promote pancreatic cancer metastasis.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Article
- The Gut Microbiota Impacts Gastrointestinal Cancers through Obesity, Diabetes, and Chronic Inflammation.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Optimizing Pancreatic Cancer Therapy: The Promise of Immune Stimulatory Oncolytic Viruses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Currently, the median overall survival of PDAC patients rarely exceeds 1 year and has an overall 5-year survival rate of about 9%. These numbers are anticipated to worsen in the future due to the lack of understanding of the factors involved in its strong chemoresistance. Chemotherapy remains the only treatment option for most PDAC patients; however, the available therapeutic strategies are insufficient. The factors involved in chemoresistance include the development of a desmoplastic stroma which reprograms cellular metabolism, and both contribute to an impaired response to therapy. PDAC stroma is composed of immune cells, endothelial cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts embedded in a prominent, dense extracellular matrix associated with areas of hypoxia and acidic extracellular pH. While multiple gene mutations are involved in PDAC initiation, this desmoplastic stroma plays an important role in driving progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying PDAC resistance are a prerequisite for designing novel approaches to increase patient survival. In this review, we provide an overview of the stromal features and how they contribute to the chemoresistance in PDAC treatment. By highlighting new paradigms in the role of the stromal compartment in PDAC therapy, we hope to stimulate new concepts aimed at improving patient outcomes.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.