ReviewCancers2021
Indoor Tanning and the Risk of Overall and Early-Onset Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- New Primary and Secondary Prevention Measures for Cutaneous Melanoma: A Systematic Review.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Pooled it
- Skin cancer detection and organ donation.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Article
- No robust evidence supporting an association between tattoos and de-novo cutaneous melanoma.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Gaps in phototherapy and Mohs surgery access: A cross-sectional survey of dermatology residency programs in the United States.JAAD international · 2026Article
- Implementation Outcomes of the National Skin Smart Campus Initiative Among Young Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Melanoma Severity at Presentation and Prior Skin Cancer Screening: A Survey Study of Surgical Oncology Patients.Journal of skin cancer · 2026Article
- Burdens of Malignant Melanoma and Projections for 2050 in Asia: Findings from the 2023 Global Burden of Disease Study.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- Temporal Trends in Cancer Burden and 27 Subtypes Among Women of Childbearing Age Globally from 1990 to 2021.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Iranian Patients on Sunscreen Application.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Article
- Nonconforming gender expression and adolescent indoor tanning.BMC public health · 2025Article
- UVA-induced DNA damage and mutations in human melanocytes: relevance for melanoma mutations.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- Assessing the Health Implications of UV/LED Nail Lamp Radiation Exposure During Manicure and Pedicure Procedures: A Scoping Review.International journal of dermatology · 2025Article
- The role of chloride intracellular channel 4 in tumors.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Skin cancer knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and prevention practices among beachgoers: a narrative review.Archives of dermatological research · 2025Review
- Application of transcriptomics techniques in skin cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Global basal cell carcinoma in 55+ population: 1990- 2021 burden、risk-factor trends and 2050 forecast.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Illuminating Hope for Tumors: The Progress of Light-Activated Nanomaterials in Skin Cancer.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the association between indoor tanning use and the risk of overall and early-onset (age < 50) melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). To evaluate the association between indoor tanning and skin cancer, a systematic review of the literature published until July 2021 was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE. Summary relative risk (RR) from 18 studies with 10,406 NMSC cases and 36 studies with 14,583 melanoma cases showed significant association between skin cancer and indoor tanning (melanoma, RR= 1.27, 95% CI 1.16-1.39; NMSC, RR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.18-1.65; squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), RR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.38-1.81; basal cell carcinoma (BCC), RR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.00-1.55). The risk was more pronounced in early-onset skin cancer (melanoma, RR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.14-2.69; NMSC, RR = 1.99, 95% CI 1.48-2.68; SCC, RR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.38-2.37; BCC, RR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.15-2.77). Moreover, first exposure at an early age (age ≤ 20 years) and higher exposure (annual frequency ≥ 10 times) to indoor tanning showed increasing risk for melanoma (RR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.16-1.85; RR = 1.52, 1.22-1.89) and NMSC (RR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.44-2.83; RR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.31-1.86). These findings provide evidence supporting primary prevention policies regulating modifiable behaviors to reduce the additional risk of skin cancer among younger adults.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.